1. This FAQ

1.1 What is the purpose of this document?

The sole purpose of this document is to help alleviate some of the Frequently Asked Questions (hence the name) from Newf-L. To people that have been on the list for a very long time, seeing the same questions over and over becomes tiresome. By checking this document before posting a question, you not only stand a good chance of getting an immediate answer to your query, but you will also prevent yourself from being flamed for posting a question that's been posted 1000 times before.

As of 4-19-98, the Newf-L list-server reported: Total number of subscribers: 1172. By checking this FAQ before posting a question, you will save quite a few people from receiving yet another E-Mail about a subject they are tired of reading about.

Your first impression to 1000+ people should be a favorable one. By reading this FAQ before posting a question, you stand a better chance of not irritating people on the list with your first query.

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1.2 Can I search the FAQ?

Yes! Goto http://www.gad.net/Newf-FAQ. As of 10-6-98 there is a Newf-FAQ search engine on that page. It only searches for single words or phrases, but hey, it's a search engine.

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1.3 I didn't find an answer to my question. Now what?

Go ahead and post your question to the list. Make sure to put in your post something along the lines of "I checked the FAQ and couldn't find an answer".

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1.4 Where do I send questions, corrections etc. about this document?

This FAQ is owned and maintained by Gary A. Donahue. E-Mail for Gary is gad@gad.net

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1.5 Is this FAQ available in any other formats?

Yes! Here's how to view or retrieve the FAQ:

Via the Web (Formatted - Indexed): http://www.gad.net/Newf-FAQ

Via the Web (Formatted - Whole Document): http://www.gad.net/Newf-FAQ/WholeFAQ.html

Via the Web (Text Only - Whole Document): http://www.gad.net/Newf-FAQ/WholeFAQ.txt

Via the Web (Text Only - Zipped File): http://www.gad.net/Newf-FAQ/WholeFAQ.zip

Via E-Mail (Text Only - Whole Document): send e-mail to newf-faq@gad.net (Any subject, any text) You will receive the entire FAQ (text format) in your INBOX shortly thereafter.

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1.6 Can I copy this FAQ or make a link to it?

You may put a link on your web page to the Newf-FAQ at any time you would like. In fact, if I didn't want you to, I couldn't stop you. ;-)

While I cannot stop you from copying the FAQ, there are some points you should consider.


1. This FAQ is copyright ©1998 Gary A. Donahue, All rights reserved. No copies may be made without the express written consent of the author.
2. This FAQ may be updated to reflect error corrections, new information, or to recant erroneous information. If you make a copy, the copy will not reflect these new changes, and you may be diseminating incorrect, possibly fatal information.


Please, feel free to link to the FAQ, but do not copy it. If you would like to mirror the FAQ, that is possible. Contact the author at gad@gad.net.

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1.7 What references were used in the making of this FAQ?

OK, so that's not really a "Frequently Asked Question", but there's no real bibliography, and I thought credit should be given to others hard work. The books I referred to during the writing of this FAQ are, in strictly non-bibliographical format:

Newfoundlands Today
Hedd & Del Richards
Copyright ©1997 by Ringpress Books
Howel Book House
A Simon & Shuster / Macmillan Company
1633 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
ISBN: 0-87605-248-4

The Newfoundland Puppy: Early Care, Early Training
Third Edition
Judi Adler
Copyright ©1993 Judi Adler
Available only from the author.

UC Davis book of Dogs
Edited by Mordecai Siegal
Copyright ©1995 Mordecai Siegal and the School of veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis.
HArper Collins Publishers, Inc.
10 East 53rd Street,
New York, NY 10022

The Newfoundland: Companion Dog, Water Dog
Joan C. Bendure
Copyright ©1994 by Joan C. Bendure
Howel Book House
A Simon & Shuster / Macmillan Company
1633 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
ISBN: 0-87605-242-1

Dog Owner's Home Veterniary Handbook
Delbert G. Carlson, D.V.M., and James M. Giffin, M.D.
Copyright ©1980, 1992 by Howell Book House
Howel Book House
A Simon & Shuster / Macmillan Company
1633 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
ISBN: 0-87605-242-1

The American Heritage Dictionary of Science
Robert K. Barnhart
Copyright ©1986 by Barnhart Books
Houhgtom Mifflin Company
2 PArk Street
Boston, MA 02108
ISBN: 0-395-48367-0


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2. Newf-L Basics

2.1 What is the purpose of Newf-L?

The Newfoundland Mailing List is a place where Newf lovers from around the world can get together to exchange ideas, questions, stories and whatever else, so long as it pertains to Newfoundland dogs in some way.

The list server where Newf-L resides reports the purpose of Newf-L to be:

For the propagation of information and lore pertaining to the Newfoundland breed of dog.

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2.2 What is a mailing list?

A mailing list is a means whereby a person can send mail to a single address, and that mail is redistributed to everyone that subscribes to the list. By doing this each subscriber does not need to know who belongs to the list, instead the sender only needs to know the address of the list server.

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2.3 Is a mailing list a newsgroup?

No. A newsgroup resides on a server and anyone that wishes to access the messages retrieves them from the server. On a mailing list all of the messages are sent to your E-mail address as they are received by the server. On a newsgroup you control when the messages get to you. On a mailing list, you get messages all day and all night long.

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3. Newf-L Mechanics

3.1 How do I subscribe to Newf-L?

To subscribe, send email to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: Subscribe Newf-L Your name

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3.2 How do I un-subscribe to Newf-L?

To un-subscribe, send email to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: unsubscribe Newf-L

Important: Make sure you do NOT put a period (".") at the end of this line or the unsubscribe will fail. In otherwords:

"unsubscribe Newf-L" is right
"unsubscribe Newf-L." is wrong

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3.3 How do I send a message to Newf-L?

Send an e-mail as you normally would to: newf-l@lists.colorado.edu

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3.4 How do I get Newf-L in Digest Form?

To receive your Newf-L mail in a single digest instead of multiple e-mails, send email to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: set Newf-L MAIL DIGEST

NOTE: You must already be subscribed to Newf-L for this to work.

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3.5 How do I stop getting Newf-L in Digest Form?

To stop receiving digests and start receiving multiple e-mails again, send email to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: set Newf-L MAIL ACK

NOTE: You must already be subscribed to Newf-L for this to work.

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3.6 What exactly is Digest Form?

Getting your mail in a digest is like getting your mail at home. The post office saves it all up and delivers a bundle of mail to you once a day. When the list processor is set to give you digests, it waits until a time of day, or until its quota is filled, then sends off the bulk of mail it has accumulated for you. Many people prefer this to getting mail constantly throughout the day.

Many ISP's also limit the number of messages that a person may receive per day. If they exceed this limit they may be charged for each message over the limit. Getting mail in digest form gets around this limitation.

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3.7 Is it possible to only receive mail on subjects that interest me?

Technically yes, though it is not possible through any configuration of the Newf-L list server.

It is possible to create filters in most mail programs, and allow only subjects containing a certain string to appear in your INBOX. This procedure, while possible, is far beyond the scope of this document.

Note that it would be far easier to exclude subjects that you would not like to see, rather than allow those that you would.

Consult your e-mail program's documentation.

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3.8 Is it possible to only receive from senders that interest me?

Technically yes, though it is not possible through any configuration of the Newf-L list server.

It is possible to create filters in most mail programs, and allow only senders containing a certain string to appear in your INBOX. This procedure, while possible, is far beyond the scope of this document.

Note that it would be far easier to exclude senders that you would not like to see, rather than allow those that you would.

Consult your e-mail program's documentation.

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3.9 Is there a way to put all my Newf-L mail into a folder other than INBOX?

Yes, though it is not possible through any configuration of the Newf-L list server.

The procedure to do this varies from program to program, the details of which are beyond this document. However, this is a common thing to do, and the general ideas are the same throughout most mail programs. Here's the general steps you need to take.


1. Create a folder for your Newf mail (Called, something like "Newf-L")
2. Create a filter for your incoming mail that selects any mail which contains "newf-l@lists.colorado.edu" in the "To" or "Cc" fields.
3. Tell the filter that any mail matching the above criteria should be moved to the Newf-L Folder.

That's all there is to it! Details on the above should be available form your e-mail program's documentation.

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3.10 I'm going away for a while. How do I set Newf-L to postpone my messages

To stop getting Newf-L mail for a while, send e-mail to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: set Newf-L MAIL POSTPONE

NOTE: You must already be subscribed to Newf-L for this to work.


To start getting Newf-L mail again (In normal mode), send e-mail to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: set Newf-L MAIL ACK


To start getting Newf-L mail again (In DIGEST mode), send e-mail to: listproc@lists.colorado.edu

Within the body of the message put: set Newf-L MAIL DIGEST


Please note, "postponing" your mail is a potentially confusing term. You actually stop getting mail, but stay subscribed to the list. You will not get any mail you missed, and it will not be stored anywhere for you. Also bear in mind that you must turn your mail back "on" when you wish to receive it again.

Why bother you ask? Two reasons come to mind. First, statistics on your use of the list are compiled since you subscribed. They will change if you unsubscribe, then resubscribe. More importantly, if you leave an automated reply when you go away, the list will bounce these in a loop, causing you to be dropped from the list automatically. Postponing will prevent that, and keep you subscribed.

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4. Newf-L Courtesy

4.1 Basic Courtesy

Try to remember that you are speaking to a group. Would you get up on a stage and yell at someone in front of 1000 other people? Probably not. If you have a problem with someone, respond to them privately and not to the list.

Not everyone reads their mail one message at a time. Some people get the list in "digest form", and some download all the messages at once to peruse later. Bearing this in mind, please keep your messages to a reasonable length, and do not send pictures with your messages.

Remember that not everyone uses the same mail package as you to get their mail. Some people still use terminals with nothing but a Unix prompt and no windows at all. If your e-mail software has some cool features like sending sound, please turn them off as most of the people that will see your message will not be able to take advantage of them.

Think of communications on this list as polite conversation. It is easy to feel powerful behind an anonymous keyboard, where you are not face to face with the person you are speaking to. You should always be courteous and polite, and behave in a manner similar to that in which you would at any other community event. Respect your fellow listers, they are human too.

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4.2 What is Lurking?

Lurking is Net-Slang for only reading posts to a list or newsgroup, and never posting to it. Someone that belongs to the list but from whom we never (or rarely) hear is considered to be a Lurker.

Lurking is not a bad thing. In fact the majority of the people that belong to Newf-L rarely post. Most people are happy to just sit back and enjoy the stories, and learn from the conversations that occur.

When first joining and Internet mailing list or newsgroup, it is a good idea to lurk for a while to learn what types of messages are acceptable, and what types are not. Most lists and groups frown on posting for sale messages, though some do allow it. By lurking, you can get a feel for the "atmosphere" of the group with which you wish to converse.

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4.3 Posting your first message

After lurking for a while, you find a topic that you would like to give some input to. Great! Before you send that first message, it's good idea to send a new message (not a reply) to the group stating who you are, why you like Newfs, who your Newfs are... An introduction to a large group of people. This way, you will be someone we all know, rather than a stranger that burst into the conversation.

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4.4 Posting messages from your dog

Posting messages from the viewpoint of your dog is something that happens on Newf-L from time to time. Some of us love it, and some of us hate it. In order not to get flamed by those that dislike doggie-postings, the group came to an agreement that all such posts should contain the word "WOOF", in the subject, preferably at the beginning.

For example, if I wanted to post a message from my dog on the virtues of eating remote controls, I would create my new message with a subject line along the lines of:

[WOOF!] Remote Controls are Sooo Yummy!

This is now considered common courtesy, so beware if you post this type of message without the WOOF.

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4.5 Posting show results for your dog (Brags)

Along the same lines as the WOOF message are the BRAGs. Many people do not wish to read how well your dog did at the latest dog show, and many people seek those messages out. In order to help the reader determine what type of message is hidden behind your subject line, these codes came about.

If you wish to post the results of your Newf in the show ring or obedience trials or anywhere else for that matter, please include the word BRAG in your subject line, preferably at the beginning. For example:

[BRAG!] Ch. Breeders Rover is now Champion!

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4.6 Posting messages that are off-topic

From time to time someone needs to start a thread which is not strictly related to the world of Newfoundlands. Off-Topic posts should be kept to a minimum, but if you feel the need, please prefix your subject line with NON-NEWF or OT (for Off Topic). For example:

NON-NEWF: Looking for St. Bernard rescue info

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4.7 Posting messages in HTML format

Some e-mail programs are capable of sending e-mail messages formatted in HTML (The programming language of web pages). Please turn this option off. Remember, not everyone can read a message formatted like that. All they will see is cryptic codes, and you will likely get flamed. If you absolutely refuse to turn off this feature (It is pretty cool when it works), most of the offending e-mail packages will let you specify who can and cannot receive this type of encoding. Simply turn of HTML messages for the Newf-L address.

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4.8 Posting messages IN ALL CAPS

Posting messages in all caps is CONSIDERED VERY RUDE. IT IS HARD ON THE EYES AND IS CONSIDERED SCREAMING! Get the idea? Please post all messages in normal lower case text, using all caps for emphasis or where otherwise normally used, such as abbreviations or acronyms.

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4.9 Posting pictures or other attachments

Posting pictures to Newf-L is severely frowned upon. Remember, there are people that download ALL the Newf-L messages once a day for off-line reading. When pictures, which are often sizable, are posted, they cause the download time to get excessive.

Some people also get charged for the amount of data they retrieve. For them to get charged for an unsolicited picture, that they may not even care about, tends to make them cranky.

Simply put, please do not post attachments of any kind, including, but not limited to; pictures, programs, greeting cards, documents, spreadsheets, or any other thing you might be tempted to attach to your e-mail.

If you would like to share pictures of your Newf or event, please don't hesitate to do so. The proper manner in which this should be accomplished is either:

1) Send an e-mail to Newf-L saying something to the effect of "I have pictures of my Newfie, anyone that would like to see them, please reply in private and I will e-mail you a copy".

or

2) Prepare a web page with the pictures and post the URL of this page to the list.

4.10 Posting jokes

Posting jokes to Newf-L is frowned upon, unless of course it's a Newf related joke.

4.11 Posting virus alerts

Please do not post a message that claims to warn about some new virus. These message circulate often around the Internet and are usually hoaxes. These messages usually look very official, and seem to come from someone important at IBM, or a friend that knew someone that saw it happen to someone else or some other garbage.

Remember, these virus alert messages are hoaxes. They have been posted to Newf-L (an everywhere else on the 'net), about 10,000 times already. Posting one yourself will most likely get you flamed.

If you have what you think is a valid Virus Alert you would like to share with your friends on Newf-L, please check out some of these sites and see if it is listed there. Some sites update more frequently than others, so please check them all if you don't find what you're looking for.


• http://ciac.llnl.gov/ciac/CIACHoaxes.html
• http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/hoax.html
• http://www.datafellows.com/news/hoax/
• http://www.stiller.com/hoaxes.htm

These sites keep an up-to-date list of all virus hoaxes circulating on the net. Save your self from getting flamed by checking out these excellent sites first.

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4.12 Replying to messages

When replying to a message from Newf-L, you should only reply to the sender. The only time you should reply to both the sender and the list, is if your reply might benefit everyone else on the list. For example if someone asks about the symptoms of bloat, and you know the answer, posting to the list would be OK, because everyone (on Newf-L) should know the symptoms of bloat.

Another note on replying: If your e-mail software lets you include the message you are replying to please only include the relevant part of the original message in your reply. For example:

Someone posts a message:

Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah

I like Poodles!

And you decide to reply:

> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
> Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah

> I Like Poodles!

I like Poodles, but Newfies are nicer!

This is considered rude on the 'Net.

You made the person you replied to (and possibly everyone on the list) read a pile of garbage that had nothing to do with your reply. The better alternative is to remove what does not apply:

You thoughtfully reply:

[---Snip---]

> I Like Poodles!

I like Poodles, but Newfies are nicer!

In Summary:

Please do not quote an entire message in your reply. Instead, quote only the part of the message to which you are replying.

In a similar vein, please don't snip the whole message in your reply! If you don't give a clue as to what you are replying to, the person reading your message may have no idea what part of the original message you are referring to.

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4.13 Grammar and spelling

This topic rears its ugly head from time to time, and tends to get ugly. Many people feel that anytime a word is printed for others to see, proper grammar should be used, and spelling should always be correct. Many other people feel that Newf-L is an informal conversation, and as such, proper spelling and grammar can be considered a bonus, but not a necessity.

Here's the deal. Not everyone on Newf-L is from an English speaking region. Ergo, not all Newf-L members learned English as their first language. Anyone who knows more than one language knows that English is one of the oddest, most difficult languages to master.

That being said, proper spelling and grammar may not be so easy for everyone that participates in Newf-L. While it is certainly considered to be "proper" in most circles, it most certainly cannot be mandatory, especially in the world-wide community of the Internet.

Spelling errors are most certainly going to happen, and grammar? Well, most people tend to write the way they speak. Think about that for a minute. Would you stop someone you hardly knew in mid-conversation to correct their grammar? I sure hope not. Don't do it on Newf-L either.

While well-written prose and correct spelling are certainly admirable, public, or even private correction of a strangers writing habits are not. In fact, pointing out spelling and grammatical corrections is simply rude, and has no place on Newf-L. Regardless of what you may think, if you feel the need to correct someone else's grammar or spelling, you will hurt that person's feelings, and that person will forever consider you an arrogant jerk. Perhaps not the goal you had in mind, but people are funny that way.

Be courteous and be nice. Everything else will take care of itself.

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4.14 What is SPAM?

The term SPAM comes from a Monty Python skit. If you know Monty Python, then you know to what I refer.

In Internet parlance, SPAM is many things. SPAM is posting advertisements to newsgroups or mailing lists. SPAM is cross-posting a single message to many newsgroups or mailing lists. the term SPAM is sometimes used for any post that has nothing to do with the subject at hand, though this is really a misuse of the term (If you can misuse a fabricated term).

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4.15 What is a Troll?

The term "Troll" is Net-Slang for a person that purposely posts an inflammatory or offensive message to a public newsgroup or mailing list in hopes of eliciting a response from as many people as possible. This person is trolling for responses if you will.

A person that sends a "I want to buy dogs for radiation experiments" to alt.dog.rescue is most likely a troll.

A troll is generally an adolescent, though sometimes someone will troll, and put in a phone number of someone they wish to get revenge on. This is particularly nasty, as an innocent party will be the brunt of many unknowing, but well-meaning angry people.

What can be done about trolls? Ignore them. They thrive on angry responses. When they get none, they move on to better feeding grounds.

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4.16 What is a Flame?

The term "Flame" is Net-Slang for abusive and/or excessive retaliatory messages sent in reply to a person thought to be in need of a scolding.

The Internet is a haven for people that would never speak out in public, but love to bash people that make even the smallest of errors on-line. For Example:

Someone posts a question to Newf-L

Are Newf's and Saint Barnards the same?

Someone flames them by replying

What are you stupid? Not only has that question been beaten to death 1000 times already, but you had the complete lack of intelligence to spell "Barnard" with an "a". It's St. Bernard you thoughtless dolt. Maybe you should spend more time at the library before you turn on your daddy's computer again.

Flames are often cruel and personal. If you get flamed, you may have made an honest mistake, or asked a question that's been asked to death, or maybe you just posted at the wrong time when someone was cranky. Try not to take it personally. The Internet is a wild place, with few rules and even fewer ways to enforce them. Sometimes you will get flamed for posting a less-than-popular belief. Generally though, if you have the knowledge to back up your position, a lively debate will ensue.

Sometimes people get so angered by a flame that they send one back. This childish game is referred to as a "flame war". Resist the urge. Sending flames is the mark of an insecure person with nothing better to do than insult other people with no power to retaliate.

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4.17 Can I reply to a message and just say "Me too/I agree/That was funny"?

Doing so to the List is considered rude, and will likely get you flamed.

Sometimes though, all you need to say is "me too", or "add me to the list". If so, reply TO THE SENDER, and not to all recipients. This way whomever needs to know that "you agree" will, and the list can go about its business.

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4.18 I keep seeing things like IMHO, LOL, , ROTFL. What do they mean?

These are abbreviations often used on the Internet. They started as a sort of shorthand for e-mail and quickly grew into almost a dialect of their own. A list of the more common ones include:



IMO	in my opinion
IMHO	in my humble/honest opinion
OTOH	on the other hand
BTW	by the way
FWIW	for what it's worth
IOW	in other words
FAQ	frequently asked questions
LOL	laughing out loud
ROTFL	rolling on the floor laughing
AFIK	as far as I know
TTYL	talk to you later
[G]	grin
[RBG]	really big grin
YMMV	your milage may vary



For a more complete list of acronyms, check out http://www.netlingo.com/e-mailsh.html.

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4.19 What are emoticons (smileys)?

Emoticons, or more commonly "smileys" are a string of characters, assembled to look like a face when you tilt your head to one side (usually the left). They are generally included to help ensure that a post is taken lightly if the text of the message can be misconstrued as serious or damaging.

Some examples:



:-)	Smiling
;-)	Winking
:^)	Pointy nose smiley
:-P	Tongue hanging out
8-)	Smiley with glasses
<:-)	Wearing a dunce cap
>-)	Devilish grin


Want to see more emoticons than you thought could ever exist? Download the entire list at emoticon.txt.

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4.20 Is there anything I should not post to Newf-L?

Never, under any circumstance, should you post "How to make money quick" ads, or any "for sale" ads. In fact, ads of any kind are pretty much not allowed, unless you have a new Newf-related store opening you'd like to promote. Remember, Newf related is generally OK. Anything else is suspect.

Never, under any circumstance, post a "Newf for sale" message. This is in very poor taste and will get you flamed. See "Can I Look for Breeders or Rescue Contacts on Newf-L?" later in this section.

This cannot be said enough. Be courteous, be kind, and be understanding. Try to be like your Newfie (if you've got one).

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4.21 Can I Look for Breeders or Rescue Contacts on Newf-L?

When you post to Newf-L, everyone that is subscribed gets a copy. Cool huh? Think about this; Is there any mechanism to prevent someone running a puppy mill or someone looking for animals for experimentation from subscribing to Newf-L? Nope.

There was an instance not long ago where someone on Newf-L posted a message saying they liked Newfs because they were a good size for said person's odd sexual fetishes. Personally I was outraged and disgusted by the post, as were most listers. A Flame war ensued. Lets think of the more disturbing implications...

People like this may very well still subscribe to Newf-L. There is no way to prevent it. Do these people get their dogs from breeders? Probably not. More likely they scour the newsgroups and mailing lists for posts like "Newf in XX state in shelter". This twisted person goes to the shelter, pays the nominal charge and now has the partner of his dreams... Did I mention that this person never needed to reply to the original post on Newf-L? Still think the Internet is cool?

Is this an extreme example? You bet, but I did not make up the "fetish poster" story. It did happen. They are out there.

Looking for a breeder in your area is another potentially dangerous activity to do on the Internet. If you send out a message saying "I am looking for reputable breeders in my state", how do you know you will only get reputable breeders responding? You don't. Maybe you'll get a puppy mill masquerading as a reputable breeder. How will you know the difference?

The best breeder for you may not subscribe to Newf-L and if they do, there is a good chance they won't respond to your post. Think about it. Would a breeder with a great reputation sell over the Internet based on an e-mail contact? I sure wouldn't. When I first called my breeder, she wanted to know who I was, how I got her number, why I was calling etc. Newf breeders are known for only selling to people they think will provide a great home for their pups. Many breeders will only sell to people they have come to trust. They cannot determine this over the 'net. Heck, I won't even refer people to my breeder unless I can personally vouch for them!

OK, you're sufficiently frightened - So what do you do?

If you know of a dog in need of rescue, or want to get a rescue yourself, first check out the NCA at http://www.newfdogclub.org. You can also search this FAQ for rescue contact information. If you still cannot find the information you need, post a message stating that you would like to talk to the rescue contact in your area - nothing more. Do not say you know of such and such a Newf in need in whatever state.

Looking for breeders should be done in a similar way. Though there are no breeders lists in this FAQ, the NCA (http://www.newfdogclub.org) can get you started here as well. If you want a Newf, then you need to get yourself to some Newf functions. Better to post a question asking for Newf clubs in your area. Go to a Newf event, make some Newf friends and take it from there.

Getting a Newf is not, nor should it be, and easy thing to do. Do your homework and learn all you can before you go looking for that perfect Newfoundland. You'll be glad you did.

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5. List Politics

5.1 Is this list always so petty and callous?

Newf-L is, in its simplest terms, a large group of people. In any group of people, no matter what size, there will be politics. In any group of people there will be a mix of personalities. This is the very essence of the human experience.

From time to time Newf-L seems to get uncivilized. No one knows why, but people seem to get grumpy and start flaming others for no reason. Long time Newf-L'ers threaten to leave (some do) and everyone starts telling everyone else what they should or should not do to make the list behave again.

After an indeterminate amount of time, the disease runs its course, and everyone seems to get along again. It is in this respect that Newf-L is most like a large family. If you stick with us, you will learn to like and respect the people that are most often here. As with life, we must take the good with the bad. As with Newfs, on Newf-L there is much more good than bad. Give it a chance. If you don't like a post or two, feel free to delete them. We've all had to learn that some messages just need to be deleted.

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5.2 I'm really offended by Mr. X's post! What can I do?

Well, your first line of defense on the Internet is your delete key. Would you stand around and listen to a madman ranting in the street? No, you would walk away. Maybe you would call the police. Unfortunately there are no Internet police, and the Newf list is not really "moderated". Take heart, there's still hope.

First you should sit back and decide if the mail that has offended you is indeed offensive! Yes we all get grumpy from time to time, and a 24 hour rest from e-mail can often make us see things in a different light. That being said, some people do indeed send abusive, often threatening or obscene messages across the Internet.

If you feel you have been the victim of severe net abuse, then you can try a couple of things to help curtail this behavior in the future.

E-mail addresses are comprised of "usernames" and "domains". The username is separated from the domain with an "@". Thus "gad@gad.net" indicates that the user "lordgad" uses "planet.net" as his Internet Service Provider. So what? Now you know where your offensive e-mail buddy "lives". Many ISP's maintain an e-mail account with the address of "abuse@domain.net". Try sending a complaint to this address for the proper domain. In my example, to complain about gad@gad.net, send an explanatory e-mail to abuse@planet.net.

Beware of abusing this power. "Crying Wolf" has its consequences, even on the Internet.

Unfortunately the learned flamer can change his e-mail headers to make it appear that he sent mail as someone else. If you get mail from "bite_me@loser.com" or something similar, you have probably been e-mailed by someone that knows how to do this. Fear not. There is still a possibility that someone in the know can trace this mail. If you find yourself in this situation, and don't know anyone that can help, drop me an e-mail. Make sure you don't delete the offending mail, as I will need you to perform some actions on it to help me out.

One last note. Remember to delete offending posts. Replying with a flame of your own only causes flame wars. Take a deep breath, delete the ugly message and move on. We'll all be better off. If you must reply, reply in a sane calm manner.

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6. Newfoundlands

6.1 Where can I go to learn more about Newfoundlands?

A great place to start is Newf-L. In this case, you're in the right place!

Another great place to start is the NCA (see "What is the NCA" in this section)

Why not try your local library or bookstore? There are many great books on Newfoundlands on the shelves, most of which are filled with excellent information and great pictures. Check out "What good books are there on Newfoundlands?" in this section.

(Shameless plug here) You may also wish to check out Newf-Net. Newf-Net is a website devoted to Newfoundland Dogs. There are web based discussion forums, which are simple to use, and posting pictures is not only allowed - it's encouraged! Newf-Net may be found by pointing your favorite browser to http://www.Newf.net. I hope to see you there soon!

...and yes, I wrote and maintain Newf-Net, so you KNOW it will be good! :)

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6.2 What is the NCA?

The Newfoundland Club of America (NCA) is the AKC recognized parent club of the Newfoundland. To get a packet of information about the NCA, send $5.00 (US) to:

Newfoundland Club of America
P.O. Box 2614
Dept. INT
Cheyenne, WY 82003
USA

For the NCA Web site, go to http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Library/7649/

The NCA webster has some great info including; a list of Newfoundland breeders, info for puppy buyers, the Newfoundland standard, the ethics guide, excerpts from the NCA Health Challenge, a very long book list, and the longevity manual. Take a look. It's a must for Newf owners and Newf owner wanna-be's alike.

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6.3 What is Newf-Tide? Where do I get a copy?

Subcription Coordinator:
Sue Mendleson
newftide@hotmail.com


Anyone may subscribe by sending the appropriate subscription fee with name & address (w/ zip + 4) to the subscription coordinators. Telephone, email, & fax information are helpful but not necessary.

Subscription rates are available on the NCA Website at http://www.newfdogclub.org

For more information about Newf Tide, please contact the subscription coordinators.

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6.4 What good books are there on Newfoundlands?

There are numerous books on the subject of Newfoundlands. Some of the better ones out there include:

Newfoundlands Today
Hedd & Del Richards
Copyright ©1997 by Ringpress Books
Howel Book House
A Simon & Shuster / Macmillan Company
1633 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
ISBN: 0-87605-248-4

The Newfoundland Puppy: Early Care, Early Training
Third Edition
Judi Adler
Copyright ©1993 Judi Adler
Available only from the author.
Judi Adler
Email: sweetbay@teleport.com
12320 SW Mallow,
Sherwood OR 97140

The Newfoundland: Companion Dog, Water Dog
Joan C. Bendure
Copyright ©1994 by Joan C. Bendure
Howel Book House
A Simon & Shuster / Macmillan Company
1633 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
ISBN: 0-87605-242-1

The Newfoundland
Emmy Bruno
Copyright ©1997
Doral Publishing
ISBN #0-944875-47-5



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6.5 How do you pronounce the word "Newfoundland"?

New'-fey ;-)

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6.6 What color Newfoundlands are there?

Newfoundlands come in black, brown, gray, bronze, and landseer (black and white). Discussions often crop up on this subject on Newf-L, because different countries have differing standards for the Newfoundland. Not all countries standards accept gray as a color for example.

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6.7 What is a Landseer?

The AKC standard lists a Landseer as: "White base coat with black markings. Typically the head is solid black, or black with white on the muzzle, with or without a blaze. There is a separate black saddle and black on the rump extending onto a white tail."

Landseers get their name from Sir Edwin Landseer, a famous English painter who was quite fond of using these beautiful dogs as subjects.

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6.8 What is an ECT?

ECT stands for "European Continental Type".

ECT's or Landseer ECT's as they are sometimes called, resemble Landseers, but are different in type and temperament.

An ECT is a little taller, a little less broad, and to the person familiar with Newfs, just looks "different" than a Newf.

ECT's tend to have a more "active" personality, and require an owner ready to live with a large dog which is more assertive than a typical Newf.

As of 1998, Every country except the U.S. and Canada recognize the ECT as a separate breed from the Newfoundland. These remaining countries are looking into the issue.

For more information on ECTs, try http://home.concepts.nl/~pbremer/.

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6.9 Are Newfoundlands just black St. Bernards?

No, not at all. Saint Bernards and Newfoundlands are completely separate, distinct breeds. A great many years ago, Newfs were bred into the St. Bernard line, thus creating the long haired St. Bernard (previously, all Saints were short haired). Apart from this, Newf's and Saints have different ancestry.

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6.10 What is the Newf standard, and where can I get a copy?

The Newfoundland Standard, is the description of what a Newfoundland should look like. PErsonality is also covered.

When dogs are shown in the conformation ring, they are judged not so much against each other, but against the standard. The dog that resembles the standard the closest is the winner. Imagine the ring judges knowing, to the letter, each standard for each breed and being able to compare all those dogs to all those standards. It's no small task.

The American Kennel Club Newfoundland Standard may be viewed at http://www.akc.org/newfdld.htm

If you know of a web location for the UK or Canadian standards, drop me a line at gad@gad.net so I can include it here.

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6.11 I want to breed Newfies. Where do I go?

If you want to breed Newfoundlands then you no doubt have Newfs that epitomize the standard, and should be bred to further their excellent type and personality.

If you have such remarkable Newfoundland that are worthy of breeding, then you no doubt got them from a breeder of some merit.

Since you are acquainted with a breeder that produced such magnificent stock, I recommend you talk with this breeder at length and learn the benefits and many pitfalls of breeding Newfoundlands. Someone knowledgeable enough, and with the resources to produce such beautiful dogs should be respected and learned from. Consider yourself lucky to learn from such experience.

You say you don't know any breeders and you got your Newf at the pound? Your Newf is a wonderful, loving pet, and should be treated with all the love she deserves. Don't endanger her life by breeding her. Find a breeder and talk to them. You'll be amazed at what you don't know.

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6.12 Is there a Newf club in my area?

To find NCA affiliated clubs in your area, check out the NCA's Regional Club Page. If you do not fins a club in your area, post a message to Newf-L. There are probably others in your area with Newfs. If they don't have a club yet, maybe you could start a new one!

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6.13 I want to get a Newf puppy. Where do I start?

Well, your on the right track if you're reading this document. Read it from top to bottom and you'll have a good idea of what living with a Newfoundland might be like - on paper.

Go to your local library or bookstore and look for any books on Newfoundlands. There are a few references to some great books in this FAQ. Read all you can, then read some more.

Find someone that already owns a Newf or two. Newf-L is a great place to do this. Listen to what Newf owners have to say about life with Newfies. Remember to listen for the bad as well as the good. Newf life is not like real life: there's a lot more drool.

Find a reputable breeder and get in touch with them. If you can, visit the breeder more than once. Most breeder encourage visits, knowing it gives prospective owners a good idea of what Newf life is like. Breeders often have multiple Newfs strewn about their house and property. If you like being there, it's a good sign you'll like being with one of your own. Of course there more to it than that, but getting to a breeder is one of the best things you can do in your quest for the perfect puppy.

Read this FAQ again, then make sure you can live with the inconvenience, drool, hair, vet bills, drool, muddy floors, drool, missing underwear, crying puppy and drool. If you can, then make arrangements with your breeder to start your life anew: The Newfie way.

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6.14 I want to rescue a Newf. Where do I start?

Good for you! Rescuing a Newf is quite a noble undertaking. It is also one that should not be taken lightly.

Rescue dogs are often just that: in need of rescuing. They often have psychological or behavioral problems, they often have medical problems, and they often end up costing even more than if you got one from a breeder.

If you fully understand all that, rescuing a Newf can be one of the most rewarding things you will ever do. These loving animals seem to understand that you have saved them from their often horrible plights, and return your love tenfold. While rescue is rewarding, it is not for the feint of heart.

For information on the Newfoundland Club of America's rescue program, check out the NCA's Rescue Page where you will find the official Rescue contact. This person can give you more information regarding rescue.

Another source of rescue contact information may be had by sending an e-mail to newffan@pageplus.com.

If you decide on rescue, be prepared to be grilled by the rescue contact. These dogs need good home, not someone that will give them up again or use them for breeding. Rescue people are very commited to these animals, and will only let them go to the best homes. After all, these special Newfs deserve only the best.

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6.15 I already have a Newf. Is it much more work having two (or more)?

Hmm. One drooling, shedding, demanding sensitive beast, or two, or three ... or insanity? Having multiple Newfs is something that can be done. It is indeed more work that having one Newf. You say "There's already drool on the ceiling. How much worse could it get?" Let me give you some things to think about.


• Ever try to walk two 130 pound dogs at once by yourself?
  
• Ever see two Newfs start to play in the living room?
  
• Ever try to stop two Newfs from romping in the living room?
  
• Does your car fit two Newfies?
  
• How long does it take you to groom one dog? Now multiply that time by three. Three? While one's getting brushed, the other one is rolling in the mud, or stealing the brush, or deeply involved in unnamed Newfie mischief. Hmm.. multiply that time by four instead.
  
• Do you crate your dog at night? Do you have room for another crate?
  
• Can you afford to feed another Newf?
  
• Can you afford to vet another Newf?
  
• Do you have enough room on your couch for you and two Newfies?
  
• Do you have the time and commitment to socialize and train a new dog?
  

Bear in mind that there may also be problems introducing a male into a house with an established adult male. Remember that dogs live in a strictly hierarchical society. Introduction of a new male may lead to battles for the Alpha position in the pack.

Is it more work? You betcha. Is it worth it? In my opinion, absolutely. Just remember, if you thought your house was a mess with one, you're in for quite a surprise with two! Of course if you thought you were getting a lot of love from one Newfie, well, I'm sure you get the idea.

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6.16 Do Newfs really drool that much?

Most do, and some don't. If the thought of a drooling dog upsets you, don't get a Newfoundland. Newfies jowls do not seal like human lips. When they get a drink of water, a good deal of that water comes streaming out of their mouths when they're done. Remember that Newfies love people. They also love to share their drinks with people. Drool is a fact of life with Newfies. Some Newfs drool only when they're nervous or hot, other Newfies seem to drool just because they can.

Too many Newfs end up in rescue because the owner thought the dog wouldn't drool as much as it did. If drool upsets or disgusts you, please, Don't get a Newf. Do you like a house that is spotless? Let's just say that drool doesn't just drip, it gets thrown too. Sometimes I wonder how drool gets on my ceiling. Then I see my dogs shake their heads.

Besides, drool is good for you. Oh I'm sorry, you didn't know it would get in your food? It will, though not as much as Newfie fur. I'm not making this up.

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6.17 Are there really "Dry-Mouthed" Newfs?

Be wary of breeders that say they can guarantee a drool-free Newf. While drooling is partly a genetic trait (facial structures etc.), I can almost guarantee that even if you get a dog that rarely drools, at some unfortunate time, HE WILL DROOL! Where? On your new suit or dress. Count on it.

Please, if you are offended by drool, don't get a Newf. If you are interested in finding a Newf that doesn't drool, you should really consider a different breed.

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6.18 Do Newfs really shed that much?

Oh yeah. It has been said that Newfs only shed 12 months out of the year. In fact, they are always losing and replacing fur to some degree, but twice a year they shed like you wouldn't believe.

The term "blowing coat" is used to refer to a Newf when he's shedding. Live with a shedding Newf for any length of time, and you will quickly discover that this humorous term has its roots in reality.

Newf have a lot of fur to begin with. In fact, they have two coats, the one you can see (the guard coat), and one you generally cannot (the undercoat). When they shed, you know it. Do you like Newf fur in your mashed potatoes? On your clothes at work? In your sandwich? Up your nose at a meeting? No? Don't get a Newf.

Simply put, Newfs have A LOT of fur, and they shed twice a year. Imagine, Newf fur AND drool. Cool!

Luckily, a few of the Newf-L members have gotten together and started a non-profit organization that benefits the NCA's Newfoundland Health Challenge. The Newf Health Challenge collects money for the continuing research into common health problem that affect Newfoundlands. What does this have to do with shedding you ask? Check this out...

The Fur For Health project, or FFH, collects Newf fur from owners and has it shipped to a mill in Canada. This mill uses the fur for weaving and such, and pays the project for the fur. The FFH then takes the proceeds and forwards them to the NCA Health Challenge. This is a particularly innovative idea, as it allows your Newfs to help all of Newf-kind simply by doing what they do best; shedding.

The FFH web page states: This is a unique way for your Newfoundland Dog to help advance the health of the breed by contributing its annual undercoat production for sale to ENANIC Fibres or to be retained for spinning and knitting/weaving into raffle items.

For more information on the FFH and how you can get involved, check out their web page at http://home.earthlink.net/~dzimmerm/ffh.html.

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6.19 Are there really "Short-Haired" Newfs?

The AKC Newf standard states: "... The outer coat is coarse, moderately long, and full, either straight or with a wave. ... Hair on the face and muzzle is short and fine. ... Excess hair may be trimmed for neatness."

Beware of "short haired" Newfs, as they are more than likely not purebred, but a Newf cross instead. Often a Newf bred with a Labrador Retriever will yield puppies with a Newfie "look" and short hair.

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6.20 Do Newfs make good watchdogs?

Sure, if you plan on tripping the burglar with your sleeping dog. ;-)

Newfs do not as a rule, make good watchdogs. They are people dogs, and love attention of any kind. If someone broke into my house, and my Newfs were asleep at the foot of my bed, the burglar could easily take everything out of the house whilst they blissfully snored on.

Newf's will protect their owners from a perceived threat to be sure, but they should not be thought of as guard dogs in any sense of the term.

When I recently got some furniture delivered, I locked my Newfs in the bedroom so as not to scare the de liverymen. Did the dogs bark at all the noise? No, but they were quite upset that I wouldn't let them out to play with the strange new humans.

Most people unfamiliar with Newfs are naturally intimidated by a their size. A Newf's temperament is usually so gentle however, that using one as a watchdog is probably not your best choice.

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6.21 I want my Newf to be an "outside" dog. Is that OK?

Dogs are very social animals. Newfs in particular thrive on companionship of any kind. All most Newfs want is to be with you. It is practically a sin to leave any dog alone outside all day with nothing to do but wonder when you he will see you again. To a Newf, this isolation can be severely detrimental to his or her wonderful temperament.

Newfies are family dogs first and foremost, and they are truly happy if they are with their family as much as possible. If you are going to get a dog and tie it up outside alone all day, don't get a Newfie. In fact, please consider not getting a dog at all.

Consider your Newf to be a son or a daughter and you will get the idea of how they need to be treated. They are very sensitive creatures that need a lot of attention and love. As long as you can provide that to them, you will have a happy Newfoundland.

Remember also that Newfs have thick coats of dense, often black fur. Which would be better for him, sitting outside in the hot sun, or sitting inside with you in the air conditioning. If you are uncomfortable outside, your Newfoundland is doubly so.

Most breeders will ask if you intend your Newf to be an indoor or an outdoor pet, and many will not sell to you if you plan on leaving your Newf outside. This is their right and most Newf owners agree with them. If you want an "outside" dog, you will probably do better with another breed, or better yet, without a dog at all.

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6.22 Can I keep a Newf in my apartment?

This is a breeder decision. Some breeders allow apartment Newfs, others do not. There are many reasons, some of which I'll try to cover here.

More important than the apartment is the owner. If the owner is committed to talking a Newf for walks and other exersise every day, then an apartment might be OK. Some people are more conscious of this fact living in an apartment. I've even been told by one breeder that they are more concerned by people saying they have acres and acres, as this may indicate an owner likely to leave the dog outside to entertain itself in all that land. Remember, Newfs need to be near their people.

Another side to the argument concerning apartments has to do with stairs. Newf puppies grow fast. Sometimes too fast. A lot of people feel that climbing stairs is very bad for growing hips on a Newf pup. Many breeders will not even consider a Newf for an apartment if that apartment is on the second floor. Will you carry your Newf pup up the stairs for the first year of it's life? Remember: Newf's can weigh in excess of 100 pounds at 12 months of age.

Consider this: If you live in a house, and have a fenced in yard, you can let the dog out at night (supervised) and not worry about the dog running off. In an apartment, you have to get dressed and walk the dog on a leash at 2:00am when she needs to piddle.

Let's not forget that dogs bark. Some more than others to be sure, but the truth is: Dogs bark. Maybe not at night, maybe only when you get home. Maybe your neighbors don't like dogs, or barking, or whatever. You get the idea I'm sure.

We have two Newfoundlands, and we waited until we got a house to get them. It was the best decision - and the hardest wait we've ever done.

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6.23 How much land is enough for a Newf?

35 acres with your own lake would be just lovely, thank you.

½ acre with access to sidewalks or a park nearby is OK too.

You know what's important? You getting out with your Newf and getting exercise together. Walk on the sidewalk, or walk in the park, or learn to do water work, or draft work, or sit/stay/heal or WHATEVER! Just get out every day and do something with your Newf. You will both be healthier and happier for it.

Sure living on 35 acres with you own lake makes it easier and more fun, but you know what? Those kids at the park won't get smothered with Newfie kisses as they giggle and shriek with glee. Maybe the park's not so bad after all.

Having 35 acres does your Newf no good if you leave him outside to play on his own all day. He will quickly get bored, and pine for attention. We call this barking. If you've got the land, use it. Walk your dog daily and enjoy what nature offers you. Besides if you don't, those of us without all that land will be really mad and resent you forever.

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6.24 Are Newfs good with kids?

While Newfs as a rule do get along quite well with children, it is improper to generalize any breed into good and bad categories. Sure most Newfs are great with kids, but if you don't put effort into socializing them when they are young, and teaching them to respect children, you just might get a dog that snaps at a child.

Newfs are extremely tolerant of just about everything, but some scientists have found that dogs can differentiate between adult humans and other species and objects, but not always between children and animals! When your toddler sticks his hand into your dogs bowl, your dog may feel this is another animal trying to steal his food. A properly socialized and trained dog will handle this very well, whereas a dog having never seen a child before, will probably react instinctively (See "The Newfoundland Puppy: Early Care, Early Training" by Judi Adler)

Please don't think that I'm saying Newfs are not good with children, usually they are. In fact, usually they are amazing with children. My point is that you should not assume that every Newf you see is good with children. If you meet a strange Newf, how do you know he hasn't been abused by children in the past? You don't.

In summary, all dogs should be taught to respect and be gentle to children, and all children should be taught to respect and be gentle to dogs.

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6.25 What is a "velcro dog?"

A "velcro dog" is a dog that never leaves your side, as if he was "velcro'd" to you. This is a trait that is seen quite often in Newfies. If you like the thought of your 130 pound dog always being in your way and always underfoot, then a Newfoundland is definitely the dog for you.

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7. Raising a Newfoundland Puppy

• 7.1 Is there a good book to get regarding the raising of a Newf puppy?

Very highly recommended is Judi Adler's "The Newfoundland Puppy: Early Care, Early Training". Many breeders make it required reading before bringing your puppy home. It can only be purchased through the author.

To purchase a copy of this fabulous book (or other great Newf books by Judi) contact Judi Adler directly at:

sweetbay@teleport.com

Judi Adler
12320 SW Mallow,
Sherwood OR 97140


If there is one book to get regarding your Newfoundland puppy, this is it. Of course you should then go out and buy every other Newf book you can find too!

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• 7.2 I'm getting a puppy soon! What sort of things should I buy?

Here's a quick list. This is not a list of all the things you need. It is a list of some things you need, and some things you need to think about. For a good list, check out The Newfoundland Puppy Shopping List by Nic Rosenau.


• Judi Adler's book (See 7.1)
• Every other book on puppy care and training you can find
• A crate
• Puppy toys (beware of dangerous toys)
• Towels
• Bowls
• Food (your breeder should tell you what to get)
• A week (or more) off from work
• The realization that your life is about to change forever
• A vet
• An emergency pet facility (ask your vet)
• Devotion
• A puppy sitter
• Patience
• Love


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• 7.3 Is there anything special my puppy needs?

Above all, your puppy needs you. Dogs are very social creatures. If they are left alone they will get bored and cause trouble. Puppies need a lot of love and attention and will basically starve without it. This cannot be stressed enough. If you cannot devote a good deal of time to your dog every day, don't get one. Would you leave a toddler alone for any time at all? Your puppy should be given the same respect and love you would give a small child. The reward you will get is immeasurable. Love your puppy. Learn as much about him as you can.

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• 7.4 My Newf pup is eating rocks/twigs/leaves. Is this normal?

Remember that puppies like to chew on things. Eating things is a different story. If your puppy is consuming things he shouldn't be, check with your vet and your breeder to ensure that he his getting enough to eat. As puppies grow their food intake must be adjusted. The problem may be related to insufficient diet.

As always, keep a careful eye on what your puppy consumes. There are many dangerous things in a puppy's world. Only you can save him from them.

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• 7.5 My Newf pup is eating poop! What does this mean?

Stool eating or corprophagia is more common that you might think. It is possibly a disgustingly bad habit, or a more serious deficit in your dog's diet.

Check for a lack of protein in your puppies diet. Many pet foods are very high in protein (cat food for example). If your dog seeks protein, the excrement from a cat may smell especially inviting. While we humans find this revolting, your dog may be instinctively trying to survive.

Many dogs like to eat deer and rabbit poop when they find it. While this should certainly be discouraged, scolding you puppy will probably have little effect. Make sure your dog is eating a properly balanced diet, and talk with your vet. There may be something more serious causing this.

If you dog does eat feces, try not to let him kiss you on the mouth. [-blech-]

Of course the best way to prevent your dog from eating feces, is to remove them from your yard (the feces, not the dogs). Timely removal of all animal waste will help prevent this icky habit from forming. It is also much healthier for all involved.

Want to learn more? Check out this study on the subject at http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/pets/study.htm.

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• 7.6 How do I keep my Newf pup from chewing?

First, get a book on puppy training. Second, read it. Third, get another book, then read that one. Get the idea?

Puppies chew because they are dogs. Dogs chew. If you don't let them know what is acceptable to chew, they will decide for themselves. If you don't place your remote controls out of reach, they will get eaten. Yes, I'm speaking from personal experience.

When you find your puppy chewing on something bad, scold him (usually a stern "NO" is enough), then immediately give him something that's OK to chew (a toy etc.), and praise him to high heaven. The minor scolding will let him know what he was bad, but more importantly the major praise will let him know that by chewing the item you gave him, he has made you happy. All a puppy wants is to make you happy.

Remember; replace the bad item with a good item and praise the puppy when he takes the good item. Be consistent! Do this every time he chews something bad. No exceptions! You'll be amazed how well this works.

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• 7.7 How do I keep my Newf pup from biting?

Puppies bite for many reasons. Some bite out of fear, some out of aggression, and some just for attention. Remember, dogs don't have an opposable thumb, so they grab things with their mouth. The trick is to teach them not to grab people at any time.

That being said, there is no excuse for a dog biting anyone at any time. Curb this act as a puppy and you will end up with a happy, well behaved dog in the long run. A biting poodle may be considered an inconvenience by some people, but a 140 pound Newfoundland that bites your neighbors daughter is a menace that your neighbor will want put down. Your hand in your puppy's mouth is adorable. A toddler's hand in your puppy's mouth is a lawsuit waiting to happen.

Do not allow your puppy to bite, nibble, or otherwise mouth any human body part in any way. There is usually no need for violence on your part. Most puppies so want to please you that a stern "NO" will curb their felonious activities at once. Remember you must be consistent. Every time your puppy bites, sternly tell him not to. Give him something you want him to chew on, and heap on the praise.

Get a book on training when you puppy is small. Get your puppy to training at the proper time. Get your puppy socialized at the proper times. Make sure your puppy does not fear strangers. There are so many things you need to do to ensure your puppy grows up both emotionally and physically sound. Do them all and you will have a dog to be proud of.

If you still have trouble after reading up and trying everything you've read, seek out professional help. The sooner you curb your puppy's biting (or any bad) habits, the better off you'll be. Don't put this off. If you think you're in over your head, find a professional trainer.

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• 7.8 How do I keep my Newf pup from barking?

Imagine if you could only communicate verbally using the word "Bob". Now suppose your job was to warn of any living thing getting to close to your house. You would sound the alarm the only way you were able: "Bob! Bob! Bob! Bob! Bob-Bob-Bob! Bob! Bob!".

The point is, a dog has limited way in which he can communicate. The trick is to get your dog to understand when you get the idea and he doesn't have to tell you anymore.

In most cases, teaching a dog how to bark on command is the first step. By doing this your dog understands what the ground rules are. Once he has mastered that, try teaching him "quiet".

As with all training, dogs respond best to positive reinforcement. A dog that is neglected or bored however, will respond to any reinforcement. What does this mean? Imagine a dog locked outside alone for hours at a time. All that dog wants is to please you and maybe some companionship. Remember; dogs are very social animals. This dog barks outside until you come out and yell at it. The dog stops for a while then barks again, making you come outside to yell at it again. Guess what? That dog has learned that by barking, you will pay attention to it.

Dogs bark for a lot of reasons. Remember, they have limited ways in which to communicate with you. When they want or need your attentions, they are going to bark. The trick is teaching them when barking is OK and when to stop when you tell them to.

A well trained and well cared for dog will be secure enough to know what quiet means, and smart enough to know that if there is an emergency, it's OK to break the rules and keep barking. This is called intelligent disobedience, and should be every dog owners goal; A perfectly behaved dog, unless the situation warrants otherwise.

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• 7.9 How do I keep my Newf pup from mounting people/furniture/other dogs?

Like any behavior, you need to teach your pup that this is unacceptable. Mounting is often a dominance behavior that needs to be curbed if you are to stay in control.

When our Cozy goes into heat, she starts mounting Daisy regularly. She would never do it to us or furniture, but she is constantly after poor innocent Daisy. Yes, females do it too.

Cozy is the Alpha female between her and Daisy (My wife is the Alpha female in the house), and we figure her out-of-control hormones made her that much more willing to establish her place in the social hierarchy of our house.

In this case care must be taken, as we don't let Cozy pursue this behaviour, but we must let her know that being the Alpha over Daisy is OK. If we confuse the perception of dominance, tension increases and fights may break out.

Mounting of people must never be allowed. It is not cute, and your dog is not horny. He is showing you who's boss, and in his mind, it ain't you.

As with most dominance problems, one of the best ways to curb this behavior is to have your pet spayed/neutered.

After Cozy is spayed, I will post the changes in her behaviour in this space.

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• 7.10 What is "crate training"? Do I need a crate?

A "crate" is a term used for those (often) wire cages with hinged doors that many people use to provide a safe haven for their dogs. They are also useful for restraining you dog when a delivery man is in the house etc.

Crates are not cruel, as many people mistakenly think. Let me rephrase that. A crate, used properly is an excellent tool for training and a wonderful hideaway for your dog. Crates can easily be misused and care should be taken to understand the proper uses for a crate.

A crate is not a place to send your dog when he's bad. It is a place for your dog to go when he needs to get away from the busy house, or a place to go to get a nap.

Crate training is the process whereby your puppy learns that his crate is his own special place where he can go to escape the stresses of life.

Remember: Dogs are pack animals that live in dens. To provide you puppy with a sanctuary free form outside stress is possibly the best thing you can do for him. Dogs that are not crate trained are often found squashed between the sofa and the wall or in some other odd place. This confinement is comforting to them. A crate gives them this comfort as a place they can call their own.

An added benefit is that the crate can be taken with you, giving your dog a comforting place anywhere you go, and allowing you to keep you dog safe from harm.

Many owners do not use crates and their dogs grow up just fine. The use of a crate is entirely up to you, the owner. Just remember that used properly, a crate is a wonderful thing. As with anything regarding you new puppy, read all you can on the subject. You cannot learn too much.

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• 7.11 My puppy is limping on different legs each day. Why?

The first thing you should do is take your dog to the vet. While this is probably not serious, taking serious advice form the Internet should not be your first choice. ;-)

Often a puppy that limps on different legs is suffering from "Wandering Lameness", which is a normal part of growing up. This is a real condition, referred to by vets as Panosteitis.

Puppies grow at a phenomenal rate, and often their different body parts mature at different speeds. Our pup limped on different legs after exercise. Can you guess what we did? We brought her to the vet. She told us it was probably nothing to worry about but to keep an eye on our puppy.

The term "Wandering Lameness" may be used by a vet that has no other explanation for an otherwise inexplicable lameness. If you feel you've gotten the brush-off from your vet and you think you dog has serious problems, find another vet! Dogs can get second opinions too.

When in doubt, call your vet.

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• 7.12 My X month old puppy's legs are too big for his body. Is he abnormal?

Probably not. Puppies go a through growth spurts just like teenage humans. Remember being a gangly awkward teenager? Your puppy will go through that same stage, often called "the uglies".

Puppies tend to grow very fast, and some parts grow faster than others. You may look at your Newf one week and say "What a massive head", then the next week wonder "Where's those long legs come from?".

Any living thing is a wonder to watch grow. Give your puppy plenty of love and enjoy the show. So long as you give your pup everything he needs, the end result will be a beautiful majestic Newfoundland.

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8. Breeders

• 8.1 Why does/doesn't my local pet store have Newf puppies?

First things first. Pet stores that sell puppies more often than not get those puppies from puppy mills (See "What is a puppy mill" later in this section). True breeders abhor the idea of puppy mills, as should you. If you've talked with a Newfoundland breeder, you have no doubt been assaulted with numerous questions regarding your intentions and home environment. These questions help the breeder to, among other things, prevent their puppies from ending up as breeding stock for a puppy mill. This careful screening of potential buyers has helped keep the number of Newfoundland puppies in pet stores to a minimum.

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• 8.2 Are all pet stores bad?

No, but sweeping generalizations are! ;-) Seriously though - most pet stores that sell dogs and cats get their animals from puppy mills. Want to ensure you don't help a puppy mill by keeping a pet store in business? Buy from pet stores that do not sell dogs and cats. When you start to learn more and more about the pure-breed dog world, you will find that breeders usually have a waiting list for their puppies. You will also find that reputable breeders NEVER sell to pet stores.

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• 8.3 How do I find a Newf breeder in my area?

A great place to start is the Newfoundland Club of America's home page. They have a great list of NCA affiliated Newfoundland Clubs. Their web page is located at http://www.newfdogclub.org

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• 8.4 What is a "puppy mill"?

The term "puppy mill" is used to describe someone that breeds dogs for money, and not to further or enhance the breed. Puppy mills are usually filthy disease ridden places that abuse their animals through excessive breeding and neglect.

Ask any true breeder of dogs whether they make any money on their dogs. They will usually laugh at you. True breeders care about their animals, and they care what happens to them. True breeders will check their dogs for health problems, and screen the prospective owners of these puppies. A true breeder will usually take back a puppy if the owner has a problem with it. Simply put, breeders treat each puppy as the sacred little bundle of life that it is.

Puppy mills want to make money. Period. The health and welfare of their dogs does not concern them, unless the death of a dog threatens to slow down production. Think I'm over-reacting? Take a look at http://www.nopuppymills.com/.

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• 8.5 My breeder sells more than one breed. Are they a puppy mill?

Are the dogs all healthy? Would you let your dog live there? Are the dogs sick? Do the dogs come with health certifications? Do you get a pedigree with your puppy? How often do they breed? Puppy mills are offensive places. Chances are you'll know right away. When in doubt call the authorities.

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• 8.6 The breeder asked me a lot of questions! What's up with that?

They don't want to sell a beautiful Newf puppy to a puppy mill! They don't want to sell their puppies to people that will abuse them or neglect them. They care about their puppies, and they care about their puppies future lives. Their WHOLE lives, not just until the bill is paid! All of these questions help ensure the puppy will live a healthy happy life.

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• 8.7 Why are Newfs so darned expensive?

Breeders need to recoup their expenses. Vet care, health screening, feeding, whelping, sleepless nights, supplies, emergency vet care, and 10,000 you can't even imagine add up to the breeder just breaking even after charging you all that money for a pup. Believe me, breeders are not rolling in cash from their breeding programs.

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• 8.8 What's a limited registration?

Generally a limited registration prevents the puppy owner from showing or breeding their pup without express permission of the breeder. It sometimes requires the owner to have the new pup spayed/neutered after a certain amount of time as well. Why? To prevent people that only want to make a buck from breeding the puppy. The AKC will not allow a limited registration dog from being shown, nor will it allow puppies bred from that dog to receive registration papers. This prevents unscrupulously puppy mills from selling AKC registered pure bred dogs produced from this puppy.

You should note that a dog with a limited registration can still enter into obedience and water work and agility and all sorts of other wonderful events. They just cannot enter conformation shows or be bred.

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• 8.9 What does "show quality" mean?

A show quality dog is one that epitomizes the standard of the breed. A show quality dog is a dog that stands a good chance of winning a dog show, and would therefore make a good candidate for breeding stock. Since these dogs are the epitome of their type, they can often command a higher price. Breeders and people that show dogs are the only people that need show quality dogs.

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• 8.10 My prospective puppy is only "pet quality". Is he/she inferior?

Is a person with a pretty face inferior to one with a slightly less lovely one? Certainly not. A pet quality dog is simply one that is not show quality. It doesn't mean that this animal is sub-standard or imperfect, it simply means that he or she does not exemplify the standard for the breed. You may get a puppy with one white foot. Is he inferior? No. Will he love you any less? Be serious. He will not win a conformation show because of his foot, but he is 100% Newfoundland, and has all the traits that come with the breed.

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• 8.11 My breeder won't sell me a Newf! Why not?

Well first of all, they have every right to refuse you for whatever reason they want. That being said, they may not like the way you think of animals. They may not want their dogs to live in apartments. Could be they just don't like you.

Breeders care a great deal for their dogs. That's why they breed. They will not sell to someone that they feel will not give their puppies the absolute best care they can give. That is their right. Respect it.

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• 8.12 Can I breed my Newf?

No.






Still want to? Call your breeder.

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• 8.13 $1000 a pup! I want to make that kind of easy money!

Easy money?! Aren't you listening? Breeding Newfoundlands (or any dog) is hard work? A LOT of hard work. Puppies die! Can you deal with that? Puppies get sick. Bitches have complications. Vets cost money. A lot of money. Health clearances cost money. Caring for puppies is a simple matter of not sleeping for a month. Just when they get to be self sufficient and fun, they go away and the mother goes crazy looking for them. If you think that the life of the dog is un-important and replaceable just so you can make a buck, then get off my web page. Now.

Just read this question because it was next on the list? OK you can stay. I wrote this FAQ because I wanted to help the breed somehow. I know I don't have the stomach for breeding, so I leave it to the pros. So should you.

Now if I can just figure out how to get down off this soapbox...

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9. Rescuing a Newf

• 9.1 Do you really need a puppy?

OK, so you're looking to get a dog for whatever reason. Hey - you've decided you would like a Newf. Maybe you already have a Newf, and you would like another. Some of us actually enjoy drool and hair. One NEwf's worth of slobbery wet hairballs is never enough.

But I digress...

If you are getting a Newf, do you really need a puppy? Puppies are a lot of work, cost a lot of money, suck up a lot of your time, and stain a lot of your carpets.

Wouldn't it be great if you could adopt a full grown Newf in need of a home? Great news! You can - but there can be some pretty serious catches. Read on.

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• 9.2 What is Newf Rescue?

Newf Rescue or more accurately The Newfoundland Rescue Network, is a network of caring people that take in, care for, and eventually re-home Newfoundland dogs in need of such services.

Newfs are big dogs with a lot of drawbacks (drool, hair, cost etc.). Some people buy Newfs with great intentions, then end up in situations where they cannot keep their Newf anymore. Other people are just stupid or heartless and abuse or neglect their wonderful Newfs. There are still other reasons why Newfs end up in rescue. Usually the first owner was not the kind of person that should have kept a Newf.

In any case where a Newfoundland is in need of a new home, Newf Rescue tries to get involved. Newf Rescue takes in the Newf and places him in a foster home. While the dog recovers and is appraised for placement, people on the Newf Rescue waiting list for that area are considered as new homes for this Newf in need.

If you want to rescue a Newf, be prepared for an even more rigorous questioning than if you were to go to a breeder. These dogs are special and in need of extra love, devotion and time. Only the most special Newf people are usually allowed to rescue a Newf.

Rescue Newfs seem to know you have rescued them, and people report them giving even more love than normal (If that's possible for a Newf). On the downside, many rescue dogs are in need of serious medical attention. Some have seizures, some have been in car accidents, some are malnourished, the list goes on and on.

Simply put, rescue is not the way to get a "cheap" Newfie.

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• 9.3 What is a Newf foster home?

Just like with humans, a Newf in need of rescue needs a place to live until a suitable new home can be found.

Newf foster homes are homes of very special people that keep these dogs under their own roofs, feeding, grooming and aiding them, often out of their own pockets, until a new owner is located.

Being a foster home is no small undertaking. Newfs introduced into foster homes often come from troubled pasts. They may have infectious diseases or aggression problems, and some may not even survive or must be destroyed.

The emotional, physical and financial strains on a Newf foster home may be great. The rewards are often even greater. Well maybe not the financial ones, but I bet it's heartwarming to see a Newf you've nursed back to health get a great new home.

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• 9.4 Who is the Newf rescue contact in my area?

Good for you! Rescuing a Newf is quite a noble undertaking. It is also one that should not be taken lightly. If you know of a Newf in need of rescue, then thank you for being a good person and looking for the right place for him to go.

For information on the Newfoundland Club of America's rescue program, check out the NCA's Rescue Page where you will find the official Rescue contact. This person can give you more information regarding rescue.

Another source of rescue contact information may be had by sending an e-mail to newffan@pageplus.com.

If you decide on rescue, be prepared to be grilled by the rescue contact. These dogs need good home, not someone that will give them up again or use them for breeding. Rescue people are very committed to these animals, and will only let them go to the best homes. After all, these special Newfs deserve only the best.

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• 9.5 There's a Newf puppy in my local pet store. What do I do?

Don't buy it.

I know, you're thinking that buying that poor puppy who is languishing in the pet store cage day after day will save him from his plight. Maybe, but consider this:

Puppies in pet stores usually come from puppy mills. Puppy mills sell product, not pets. If you buy that puppy, they will replace her with another puppy. It's the law of supply and demand. By buying that puppy, you increase the demand, therefore telling the puppy mill to increase the supply.

The best thing you can do for a Newf puppy in a pet store is to call your local Newf Rescue contact. Rescue people are well versed in how to deal with these problems, and have packets of information ready to be given to pet stores and potential owners.

If you cannot locate a rescue representative in your area, post a message to Newf-L, or drop me a note. We'll find someone, believe me.

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• 9.6 There's a Newf in my local shelter. What do I do?

A Newf in a shelter is a different story than a Newf in a pet store.

A Newf in a shelter needs to be either rescued or adopted. If you are not in the position to adopt him, then find out if the shelter destroys animals that do not get homes. While Newfs in shelters always get attention from Rescue, Newfs in Kill Shelters get priority attention and deservedly so.

Once again, you should call your local rescue contact. Can't find one? Post a message to Newf-L, or drop me a note. In an emergency, someone will get there fast.

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10. Training your Newf

• 10.1 Do we really need to teach formal obedience? Isn't "sit" enough?

Let's think about this for a second. Your 20 pound puppy may very well grow into a 150 pound dog. Dogs have a very low center of gravity, have four legs, and are very strong. When that 150 pound dog sees a rabbit and bolts, pulling on his leash, he might very well pull you off your feet and drag you. Don't think it can happen to you? Think you're "strong" enough to control your dog? Think again.

I'm 6'1", weigh 210 pounds, and am strong enough to control my 130 pound girl. Until she see's something really exciting that is, then it's a battle for control. Sure I can usually hold her back, but I swear she's come close to injuring me severely on multiple occasions.

That was before obedience training. She already knew "sit", "stay", "come", all the normal things, but you know what? I didn't know the right way to control her! That's right, it's not the dog, it's you! You need to be trained as much as the dog does. I was amazed when the trainer grabbed my dogs leash and walked her like she was in total control. You know what? she was.

Having a well trained dog is nice right? Wrong. With a dog the size of a Newf, it is a necessity. If you cannot control your dog, you are putting your dog, yourself, and every stranger you meet in potential danger.

Your dog would never hurt someone you say? Imagine a 150 pound dog, just broken free from his owner, bounding at you at full speed. Does this dog want to play or attack? Do you really know? Your heart starts to race in a "fight or flight" response. You can't help it. The dog gets closer by the minute and you can hear the ground thunder under the pounding paws of the great beast. What if you have a weak heart? What if you're 83 years old and using a walker? What if you're a toddler?

My point is; your dog may not knowingly hurt someone, but his very presence is formidable. Under control, he is a beautiful example of natures majesty. Out of control he is a serious menace no matter his intentions. Obedience is the key.

A well behaved dog impresses people and makes you look like the kind of person others wish they were. Take the time to train your dog. It will only bring benefit to you both.

When looking for professional training, make sure you like the person doing the training. If you don't agree with their methods, leave. Contrary to what some people believe, a dog is perfectly capable of learning with positive reinforcement. See if you can sit in on a class prior to signing up. You can learn a lot by watching how the instructor deals with other dogs and people.

Get recommendations from other Newf owners from your local Newf club or breeders. Ask your vet too. Find someone you are comfortable with and get it started. Remember you need to learn too. Dedicate the time to training your dog, and both your lives will be a lot happier.

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• 10.2 What is carting or draft work?

Ever see one or two big dogs pulling a wagon or cart? Maybe you've seen victorian art showing a Newf or St. Bernard pulling a cart full of something, a small girl by their side. These are examples of carting.

Draft work, as it is also called, is a fun aspect of Newf ownership. Imagine walking in the park with a huge dog pulling a trailer - or a sled! Think you's get some attention? You bet.

Newfoundlands were not only bred for water work, but they were used for hauling loads as well. In the past, having a dog was not a recreational activity for many. If a dog was going to be kept, he had better earn his keep. A big muscular dog like the Newfoundland makes a great draft dog for obvious reasons.

Imagine two big Newfs working together to pull a cart. What a great picture huh? You could be a part of this picture if you get involved in carting. Call you local Newf club and attend the next carting seminar or trial. You'll be glad you did.

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• 10.3 What are water trials?

Water trials are events where dogs and their owners can try to attain their water titles. As a Newf can prove to a judge that he can do a number of tasks in and relating to the water, he achieves titles proclaiming his prowess. You haven't lived until you've seen a Newf tow a boat!

Newfoundlands are water dogs. Perhaps the best exercise they can get is in the water. It is also quite possibly the most enjoyable for the Newf. They are truly at home in the water.

Water training is a lot of fun, and if you've never seen your Newf in the water, you should really give it a try. At the very least, you should go to a water trial and watch. The inevitable group of big, wet, extremely happy Newfies (and their people) is a sight to behold.

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• 10.4 What is Conformation?

Conformation is the act of judging how well a dog compares to the standard for that dog. If you've ever watched a dog show on T.V., it was probably a conformation event.

When you hear people refer to a "show quality" dog, this is what they are referring to. A dog that isn't "show quality" can still get titles in water work, draft work, and a variety of other great events.

Only intact (non spayed/neutered) animals may compete in conformation, the purpose of which is to determine which animals are the best example of the breed - the animals which should be bred, and which should command the highest prices for stud fees etc.

Of course knowing your dog is the "Best of Breed" certainly is a nice feeling too.

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• 10.5 What is tracking?

"Tracking" is the term used for a dog following the actual path that a person took. This differs from "trailing" which is a dog following a person's scent, which may deviate from the person's actual trail due to environmental conditions etc.

Tracking is a great sport for your Newf, because a lot of Newfs seem to be naturally good at it. A good tracker often becomes a good Search And Rescue (SAR) dog. SAR is another rewarding possibility for you and your Newf. Imagine your Newf being trained to do what he was bred for - finding and saving people.

Contact your local Newf club for information on tracking clinics and trials.

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• 10.6 What is a therapy dog?

Therapy dogs are used in the treatment of those that could benefit from the emotional uplift that only a dog can give.

Often therapy dogs are the only way into the closed inner world of a sick or otherwise challenged child or adult. Dogs seem to have a special power over us, and stories abound about people who seem to show no sign of wanting to communicate with the outside world suddenly beaming with excitement when the therapy dog arrives.

As you can imagine, a therapy dog must be very gentle, and quite well behaved. Having an uncontrollable puppy in a normal house is a challenge, never mind a hospital ward or convalescent home.

Dogs that qualify can be trained as therapy dogs, and when they are certified as such, go on to enrich the lives of those in need in ways we can only imagine.

Therapy work with your pet may be one of the most rewarding things you can do together. In addition, a therapy dog does not need to be a purebred. In fact dogs rescued from pounds often make the best therapy dogs.

Check with your local Newf club, your breeder, or your local obedience schools for more information on therapy dog training.

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• 10.7 What is a Canine Good Citizen (CGC)?

The AKC Canine Good Citizen test (CGC) is a simple group of tests that, if accomplished, show that your dog is well-behaved and well-tempered enough to be a reliable family member and a good-standing community member.

The test consists of the following categories:
• Accepting a friendly stranger
• Sitting politely for petting
• Appearance and grooming
• Out for a walk (Walking on a loose leash)
• Walking through a crowd
• Sit and and Down on command/Sitting in place
• Coming when called
• Reaction to another dog
• Reactions to distractions
• Supervised separation

CGC is both fun and rewarding. It is a reward for your basic obedience training, and a way to spend even more quality time with your pet. Every dog should strive for a CGC title.

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• 10.8 What is agility training?

If you've ever seen dogs running through a dog sized obstacle course, this is agility training. Dogs running through tubes, over A-frame ladders and see-saws, and back-and-forth through a series of poles are all part of the excitement of agility.

Agility dogs are extremely well trained, and very attentive to their owners. An agility dog needs to lay down on visual command instantly, and learn to do things a dog may not normally do, like run through a collapsed tube of fabric.

Agility is great exercise and a wonderful mental workout for your dog. Agility dogs tend to be very happy and healthy. Is there anything else we want for our dogs?

Check with your local Newf club, breeder or obedience school to learn more about agility training.

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11. Newfoundland Health Issues

• 11.1. What is "Bloat"

Bloat is a generic term for, in actuality two diseases.

Gastric Dilation-Volvulus is the accumulation of gas and fluid in the stomach (usually after eating) that cannot be expelled by burping. Gastric Dilation Volvulus can and often does escalate to Gastric Torsion.

Gastric Torsion is a rapid enlargement of the stomach, caused by the twisting of the stomach in such a way that it is impossible for contained gases and fluid to escape. Gastric Torsion is a very serious, time critical disease, which if left untreated, will cause a very painful death.

Bloat causes the blood supply to be cut off to the stomach and surrounding organs. Untreated it is always fatal. Even with timely treatment, the fatality rate is high.

Since either occurrence is life threatening, I will simply use the term "bloat" to refer to them both. If you think your dog is bloating, get her to a vet NOW!



• 11.1.1 What causes bloat?

The sad truth is - no one knows. Though there have been studies done, the underlying cause of bloat is still a mystery. Though primarily large chested dogs (Newfs, Saints, Great Danes etc.) are affected, genetic predisposition is also a likely cause. If one of your dogs parents had bloat, your dog may be more likely to get it as well.

Suspected causes include, but are not limited to:
• activity directly before or after eating
• eating large meals in one sitting
• gulping too much air while eating
• eating too fast
• eating kibble that swells excessively when soaked in water
• drinking excess water after a meal




• 11.1.2 What are the symptoms of bloat?

Symptoms include but are not limited to:
• unproductive vomiting
• frequent attempts at unsuccessful bowel movements or urination
• excessive panting
• excessive drooling
• a larger than normal stomach
• a stomach that "thumps" when tapped
• restlessness
• whining for no apparent reason
• dog cannot seem to get comfortable




• 11.1.3 What can I do to prevent bloat?

Here's some common suggestions. Remember no one knows what causes bloat. Nothing will guarantee that your dog will not get bloat. However, anything that might help reduce his or her chance of contracting this horrible disease is certainly worth trying, don't you think?

Here's some suggestions:
• Feed multiple, smaller meals throughout the day
• Add liquid to kibble before feeding
• restrict exercise one hour before and two hours after eating
• restrict water for one hour after meals
• Learn all you can about bloat
• Learn even more
• Ask your vet about it
• Know the signs and be ready to act in case of emergency
• Consider getting a bloat kit, but only if you learn how to use it

A "stomach tack" is a surgery that may prevent bloat. Ask your vet about it. Simply put, the stomach is sutured to the abdominal wall in the hopes of preventing the stomach from being able to turn. Note that this does not prevent Gastric Dilation-Volvulus.

Important! Elevating food and water bowls off of the floor used to be the easiest way to help prevent bloat - Heck, I've posted instructions on making your own raised bowl holder! The latest research however indicates that raising your dog's bowl may actually increase your dog's chanse of getting bloat by as much as 100% or more!

Here's the link: http://www.vet.purdue.edu/epi/update2.htm



• 11.1.4 I think my dog has bloat. What do I do?

Get to your vet! Let him or her know you are coming. If you have a bloat kit, and know how to use it, then use it. Use it on the way to emergency veternary help. Every second counts.

Call your vet before you leave to go there. If you can, call from the car, as this will save time. Better yet, have two people in the car, one to work on the dog, the other to drive. If the vet is prepared for your arrival, the chances of saving a bloating dog increase greatly. Remember, every second counts. Your dog may die within 30 minutes of the first recognized symptom.

Talk with your vet about this before it happens. Have a plan. If you have a bloat kit, know where it is. We keep one in the house and one in the car. How will you get a 140 pound dog in the car by yourself? Make a plan and practice it.



• 11.1.5 What is a "bloat kit", and where do I get one?

Gastric Dilation-Volvulus can be alleviated by inserting a rubber tube down the dogs throat into their stomach.

Gastric Torsion can only be cured with surgery.

A bloat kit contains the essentials needed to deal with bloat in an emergency. A bloat kit usually includes a rubber hose for each dog in your house, measured for proper fit, tools needed for the emergency, and even a large bore needle to puncture your dogs stomach, should help not be available in time.

Using a bloat kit may save your dogs life. Improperly used it may harm him even more. Do not take this lightly! If you decide you want a bloat kit, do your homework and learn what should be in it, and how it should be used. An improperly prepared bloat kit is just as bad as none at all.

Many vets do not recommend the use of a bloat kit, as the average person does not know how to use one. Many guides for bloat say simply, call the vet, then get your dog to him. Do not attempt home treatment.



• 11.1.6 Where can I go to learn more about bloat?

http://www.canismajor.com/dog/bloat.html

Dog Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook
Delbert G. Carlson
Howell Book House
ISBN: 0876055374



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• 11.2. What is SAS?

SAS is an acronym that stands for Sub valvular Aortic Stenosis. SAS is a genetic ailment prevalent in Newfoundlands. Reputable breeders will have their puppies checked by a certified cardiologist for SAS. In fact, when shopping for a breeder, this should be one of the things that you ask for.

Like Bloat, the underlying cause of SAS is not known, though ongoing research is being done.

Stenosis means "narrowing". Sub valvular Aortic Stenosis is basically a smaller than normal escape for blood from the heart into the Aorta. As you can imagine, blood being forced through a smaller opening causes a variety of problems, one of which is the sound heard through a stethoscope.

SAS dogs can literally drop dead during exercise, so this problem needs to be taken quite seriously. Care should to be taken in keeping a SAS dog.

Remember that a board certified cardiologist is your only true method of detecting SAS. Your vet, while a very skilled and practiced professional, is not trained in the specialty of cardiology.

11.2.1 What causes SAS?

SAS is a inherited disease. It is not contracted, rather it is passed from parent to child genetically.

11.2.2 What are the symptoms of SAS?

The main identifying symptom of SAS is a certain type of heart murmer, usually identified with a stethoscope by a board certified cardiologist. Since blood flow is disrupted, SAS dogs tire easily, and can be prone to fainting.

11.2.3 What can I do to prevent SAS?

SAS can only be prevented through careful breeding of SAS free dogs. Even great breeding programs can produce SAS dogs, as SAS free parents may produce offspring with the disease. Though understanding genetics, the reputable breeder attempts to rid their lines of such congenital ailments.

You can however help a SAS afflicted dog cope with his condition better. Proper exercise limitations and regimens, plus proper diet and care are crucial for a SAS dog. As always, seek out the advice of your vet and breeder.

Perhaps most important of all, if your dog has SAS, do not pass on the problem to more Newfs. Do not breed your dog. Better yet - have your dog spayed or neutered.

11.2.4 I think my dog has SAS. What do I do?

Check with your breeder and/or your vet. It takes a specially trained ear to properly diagnose SAS. A board certified cardiologist is your best bet.


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• 11.3. What is Dysplasia?

The American Heritage Dictionary of Science defines dysplasia as:

	dysplasia [(dis plais zhuh)], n. Biology.
	abnormal development or growth of tissues, organs,
	or other structures. [from New Latin, from dys-
	bad + Greek plasis a molding]

Thus hip dysplasia is the term used to describe hips that have developed abnormally in some way. Elbow dysplasia would similarly describe abnormal elbows and so on.

The term dysplasia is vague, and may describe many different specific ailments. Improper bone or muscle growth, abnormal tendon or ligament development, or a number of other "abnormalities" may all be termed dysplasia.

11.3.1 What causes Dysplasia?

Dysplasia is generally thought to be an inherited trait, where only through careful breeding may it be eliminated.

Many people also feel that certain activities in puppies may accelerate dysplasia in dogs already prone to the disease. Activities such as walking up and down stairs, pushing on a dogs rump, jumping down out of cars, and excessive exercise in general are all felt to contribute to hip dysplasia in dogs.

Excessively rapid growth in puppies is also thought to promote dysplasia, and because of this, the protein intake of young Newfoundland puppies should be carefully monitored.

Canine Hip Dysplasia is most common in large dogs like Newfoundlands, Saint Bernards, and German Shepards.

11.3.2 What are the symptoms of Dysplasia?

There may not be any. There also may be many. Dysplasia is not a simple thing, it comes in many flavors and many degrees. Some dogs may be severely dysplastic, but show no outward signs, others may show extreme discomfort walking or climbing stairs, or when they get up or sit down.

Dysplasia itself may not cause any pain, but may lead to arthritis later in life.

Some dysplastic dogs sit in one spot and cry in pain, the very act of getting up for a drink too painful to consider.

A reputable breeder will let you know how the parents and grandparents of your pup measured up against dysplasia. There are a few dysplasia measurements that can be done such as the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), and PennHip scales. Your breeder may also give you information about how their dogs fared on these scales.

To learn more about PennHip and OFA, check out http://www.canismajor.com/dog/pennhip1.html.

11.3.3 What can I do to prevent Dysplasia?

Remember: Dysplasia is generally thought to be an inherited trait, where only through careful breeding may it be eliminated.

Since certain activities in puppies may accelerate dysplasia in dogs already prone to the disease, you may wish to avoid or minimize these activities for the first year or two.

Excessively rapid growth in puppies is also thought to promote dysplasia, and because of this, the protein intake of young Newfoundland puppies should be carefully monitored.

Many people believe that the "Don't let your puppy go up stairs" argument is a falsehood put forth by disreputable breeders. When a buyer would complain that a puppy they were sold was dysplastic, the disreputable breeder would say "Did you let the pup go up and down stairs?". When the people would invariably reply in the affirmative, the disreputable breeder would shift the blame from their reckless breeding practices to the poor unsuspecting buyer.

To me, the stair climbing argument has merit, though carrying my 130 pound one-year-old up the stairs just isn't going to happen. We try to compensate with adequate but not excessive low impact exercise, and we have always carefully monitored our dogs protein intake, especially as puppies.

Remember, the actual cause of dysplasia is unknown, though presumed genetic. If taking extra precautions now might save your dog years of unbearable pain, isn't it worth it to try anything you can?

11.3.4 I think my dog is dysplastic. What do I do?

Take him to a vet. Your vet should be able to tell pretty easily if the dysplasia is severe, though x-rays are the only sure method of diagnosis. Your breeder has need many Newfoundlands in her career, she could probably tell by experience if your Newfs joints have formed properly. Of course multiple opinions are always better than one.

Be warned that the x-rays involved in Canine Hip Dysplasia testing are performed under anesthesia, and Newfs may have problems with certain types of anesthesia. Make sure your vet knows his Newfs, and make sure you know your vet.


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• 11.4. What is Cherry Eye?

11.4.1 What causes Cherry Eye?

Dr. Deb answered this on the List:

Cherry Eye is usually seen in young dogs. It is thought to occur due to a defect in the way the gland is attached to the deeper structures of the eye - making it more "mobile" than normal. Occasionally the gland will return to its normal position on its own but most require surgery.

11.4.2 What are the symptoms of Cherry Eye?

11.4.3 What can I do to prevent Cherry Eye?

11.4.4 I think my dog has Cherry Eye. What do I do?



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• 11.5. What is cystinuria

11.5.1 What causes cystinuria?

11.5.2 What are the symptoms of cystinuria?

11.5.3 What can I do to prevent cystinuria?

11.5.4 I think my dog has cystinuria. What do I do?



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• 11.6. What is hyperthyroidism?

11.6.1 What causes hyperthyroidism?

11.6.2 What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

11.6.3 What can I do to prevent hyperthyroidism?

11.6.4 I think my dog has hyperthyroidism. What do I do?



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• 11.7 How long do Newfs live?

Averages are a dangerous thing to quote in my opinion. That being said, most people accept that the lifespan of a Newfoundland is roughly 10 years. Now having said that, let me expand that statement by saying there are many people with Newfoundlands in their early teens. There is plenty of reason to expect a healthy, happy Newf to live this long.

In 1998, Newf-L lost a beloved Newfoundland by the name of Henry. Henry was born December 6, 1980 and passed in mid-1998. Basic math shows us that Henry lived to the age of 17 and a half! Of course this is the exception, not the rule, but I couldn't pass up a chance to mention the beloved Henry. We all miss you buddy.

Bear in mind that there are plenty of Newfs that die prematurely due to illness, accidents, and basic human stupidity. Keep your Newf healthy and happy and you should share a long rewarding life together.

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• 11.8 How big will my Newf get?

How big will a newborn baby get? Nobody knows. I've seen Newfs that weigh 70 pounds, and I've seen Newfs that weigh 180 pounds. Your pup will probably end somewhere in that range. Your breeder should be able to give you a good idea of how big your pup's ancestors were. That's about the best way to determine how big a pup will get. Remember that Your breeder is a great source of information about your pup!

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• 11.9 How much should my Newf weigh at a given age?

There is really no simple answer to this question I'm afraid.

Weight depends on a lot of factors including heredity, diet, exercise and environment. Your vet and breeder are your best source of information regarding the proper weight and size of a Newf puppy at any given age.

If you got your Newf from Rescue and don't have a breeder, try and find one anyway. Rescue personnel are often acquainted with breeders or are breeders themselves. Check with your rescue contact for more information.

A Newf breeder knows so much about Newfs it's scary. They also love the breed so much that they will probably help you out with your questions. Hey, it's worth a shot for a healthy puppy right?

A good rule of thumb for your Newf is: You should be able to feel his ribs, but not see them.

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• 11.10 When should I get my Newf pup spayed/neutered?

Again, this is a matter of some debate.

Some say it is best to spay a bitch before her first season, as this will help lessen her chance for getting breast cancer later in life.

Some say it is best to wait till after a bitch's first season, letting the influx of hormones help in the natural growing process of an adult bitch.

Either way, a bitch cannot be spayed during her season, and should wait a week or two afterwards as well. Talk with your vet about options.

With male dogs, since there is no "season", they may be neutered at anytime after they achieve puberty. Puberty is seen with the onset of "secondary sexual characteristics" such as lifting his leg to urinate, mounting and increased aggression (6-7 months of age).



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• 11.11 I like my dog with his testicles thank you. Why should I neuter him?

A couple years ago in NJ, someone owned a beautiful male Saint Bernard. They refused to neuter him for whatever reason, but kept him in a fence. This fence, they reasoned, would keep him from roaming.

One day the Saint caught a whiff of a female in heat, and jumped the fence while no one was there to watch him. Imagine the majestic Saint leaping over the four-foot fence. It must have been quite a sight.

The Saint, having freed himself from his captivity, proceeded to track down the enticing scent of the aforementioned female. Caring for nothing but locating the source of this sweet aroma, he ran into a street where he was struck by a truck. The truck driver never stopped.

This beautiful boy was brought to a local vet, who was given the instructions to "Just put him down". The vet refused, and was given the dog by the owners.

The vet called everyone he could think of, and got together the money to do the necessary surgeries (at cost), which totaled in the thousands of dollars. A call was made to the local newspaper, where the Saint's story was run the next day. Offers of payment and adoption poured in, to be filtered by the Saint Rescue League.

No, I was not the person that gave this sweet boy a new home, but I know he got one.

Un-neutered males wander. Un-neutered males have crashed through plate glass windows to get to a bitch in heat. Un-neutered males are more aggressive. Un-neutered males fight more with other males.

Ten's of thousands of dogs are killed in shelters each year because they are unwanted. If your dog causes an unwanted puppy to be born, and that puppy is killed in a shelter, it is your fault. Period.

Wanting your dog to keep his testicles because you wouldn't want yours cut off is ludicrous. You have a responsibility to the welfare of your dog. You are also responsible for your dog. If he is not breeding or showing, he is better off without them.

If you are not a breeder, and are not showing your dog, Get him fixed!. Same goes for females. Get they spayed.

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• 11.12 I've heard there are some anesthetics that are bad for Newfs. Is this true?



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• 11.13 What is heat stroke or heat exhaustion?

Technically speaking, hyperthermia is the state in which the body's heat production exceeds the body's heat loss.

Heat exhaustion usually happens after some sort of exercise or strenuous activity, especially on hot or humid days. Symptoms may include collapsing, vomiting, cramps, high heart rate, excessive panting, and even outright fainting. The temperature of the dog may not increase much, if at all.

Heat stroke is a more serious condition, where the dogs temperature increases markedly. When a dogs temperature gets to be 108 degrees farenheit, cellular damage starts to occur. Heat stroke can cause additional complications such as liver failure, kidney failure, gastrointestinal failure, and so-on.

Keep your Newf cool. Remember: They are from Canada. They like it cool. If it gets too hot for you, it is surely too hot for your Newfie.

On hot days, make sure they have lots of cool clear water. Check it often. Get them a kiddie pool to play in, or even just to lay in. Let them play in the hose, but not too much - just enough to get cool. Make sure they have plenty of shade. If you have air conditioning, you have a happy Newfie - provided he gets to enjoy it too.

If you like the idea of sitting in the cool house while your Newf sits outside in the dirt trying to hide from the heat, then don't get a Newf. In fact, don't get a dog.

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• 11.14 What should I feed my Newfoundland?

Ahh, yet another hot topic on Newf-L.

This document cannot tell you what to feed your dog. Only you can decide that. The best advice I can give you is to talk to your breeder and your vet, then read all you can on canine nutrition. Check out the natural diet section in this FAQ, and make your own intelligent decision.

Just buying whatever food is on sale is a mistake that could cost your dog his health. Owning a dog is a huge responsibility - he relies on you for everything. Understand his nutritional requirements and make sure they are met, no matter what method you choose to follow.

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• 11.15 How much should I feed my Newfoundland?

This I cannot tell you. Your dogs size, age, build, and overall health dictates how much he should be eating. A good rule of thumb is: You should be able to feel but not see your Newfs ribs.

Your breeder and vet should be consulted on this matter - then you should make a plan and stick to it. Remember that the amount of food and protein content should be altered accordingly as a puppy grows. This is also true as a dog gets older.

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• 11.16 What is BARF?

BARF is an acronym for Bones And Raw Food.

Many people believe that dogs should eat what they have eaten for thousands of years and not the processed who-knows-what that is kibble. The diet argument is often rekindled on Newf-L, and in fact there are mailing lists devoted solely to the topic of natural diets.

BARF and other such diets are a subject too vast to be covered in detail here, but as with any diet change, know what you are doing before you commit. Kibble has the dubious advantage of being nutritionally balanced out of the box. Switching to a BARF diet requires a good deal of knowledge on your part, and a bit more time planning and preparing meals. Proponents of Natural Diets say the time and effort is well worth the results.

For more information on BARF and other natural diets, check out the following books:

The Ultimate Diet: Natural Nutrition for Dogs and Cats
Kymythy R. Schultze, A.H.I.
ISBN: 0-9664749
http://cletus.adnc.net/~websites/affenbar/

Give Your Dog A Bone
Dr. Ian Billinghurst
http://members.aol.com/abywood/www/gd_bone.htm

The place to learn from other natural diet advocates is the WELLPET mailing list.

To subscribe to WELLPET, send e-mail to majordomo@Listservice.net.
in the BODY of e-mail write "subscribe wellpet".

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• 11.17 I've heard that rawhide is bad for dogs. Is this true?

Rawhide is not a natural thing even though it sounds like it. While rawhide is in fact "hide", it is often treated with chemicals and even when it's not it poses a choking hazard.

Sure when you were a kid your dog chewed on hundreds of rawhides. We also lived happily under power lines and used DDT to kill bugs. Now we know better.

Dogs love rawhide because it is in fact hide. The problem is after it has been processed (naturally or otherwise), it becomes very hard to digest. Usually dogs chew off little bits at a time, and this is not a problem.

The problem occurs when your dog chews of a large piece and consumes it. The large piece of rawhide may choke your dog or even become an intestinal blockage requiring surgery to remove. Remember, rawhide is extremely difficult to digest, so that blockage stays in place causing your pet great pain until it is surgically removed.

Does this always happen? Of course not. Can it happen? You bet. Why take the risk?

And while we're at it, tennis balls are even worse! Try and digest half a rubber ball someday. Get the picture?

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• 11.18 Is chocolate really toxic to dogs?

Yes - and no. Chocolate itself is not toxic to dogs per se, however a naturally occuring chemical in chocolate is.

Theobromine [Gr. theos, god, + broma, food] is a drug which causes problems such as irregular heartbeat, GI irritation, internal bleeding, seizures and even death.

Don't worry though, an occasional Oreo won't kill your Newfie. Theobromide toxicity is described on a mg/Kg basis. This means a larger dog can survive a larger dose than a smaller dog.

Certain types of chocolate have higher percentages of theobromine than others. We measure the quantity in milligrams per ounce, or mg/oz.

From the rec.pets.dogs medical FAQ: General theobromine contents of common chocolates:

Milk Chocolate	44-66 mg/oz
Dark Chocolate	450 mg/oz
Baking Chocolate	150-600 mg/oz

Eating a box of Godiva chocolates should cause you to call your vet, as should apparent ingestion of a can of baking chocolate.

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• 11.19 My Newf has just eaten a light bulb/remote control/miscellaneous thing. What do I do?

First, is your Newf in distress? If so, call your vet NOW.

Did he really chew on a light bulb? Shame on you for leaving one where he could get to it! Now call your vet!

If not, see if you can find all the pieces of whatever it was that was eaten. Often dogs will chew on something not to eat it, but just for the joy of chewing. My dogs love remote controls (we've lost three so far), but they never eat them, they just destroy them. If you cannot find all the pieces, call your vet. With remote controls and other electronics, make sure you find all the batteries. If you can't find the pieces, call your vet. In fact call your vet anyway.

Dogs like to chew. Sometimes they get into things they shouldn't. It happens. If it does, assess the situation and act accordingly. Remember, when in doubt, call your vet.

Better to be a well known customer at the vet's than to ignore a problem and have your Newf end up dead after a swallowed piece of plastic tore him up days later from inside right?

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• 11.20 My Newf smells awful. What could it be?

A foul smelling Newf may be the result of a few things. The most obvious question to ask is "Did he roll in something offensive?". This should be relatively easy to ascertain, and a good bath should solve the problem.

Next on the list is "Did he get sprayed by a skunk?". This also should be an easy one to answer. I'm sure you know what a skunk smells like! Tomato sauce works, as does (so I hear) certain types of douche. Yes that's right, you'll have to decide if the embarrassment of buying 32 packages of feminine hygiene products outweighs the stench of skunked Newf. With tomato sauce, at least you can say you're making pasta...

OK, if your Newf spends a lot of time wet (and who's doesn't?), then he may start to smell like mildew or sour milk. This can be cured with a bath, though the better answer is to dry them off thoroughly a short time after they are done playing in the water.

Some health issues can cause a bad odor, perhaps the most offensive being impacted anal glands. This is as nasty as it sounds, and if your Newf's got 'em, they need to be relieved. I suggest a trip to your vet, as this is, as you may imagine, an unpleasant task.

Any time your Newf seems to change suddenly (won't drink/eat, smells funny, loses/gains weight, etc.), call your vet without delay. It just may save your beloved pet's life.

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• 11.21 My Newf is getting Spayed/Neutered. What can I expect?



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• 11.22 Is antifreeze really toxic to dogs?

Yes. Most antifreezes contain the chemical ethylene glycol. For some reason, dogs are drawn to this substance, and eagerly drink it when they find it. Perhaps they like the smell or the taste.

Symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning include intoxication, followed by apparent recovery. Yes, it is very hard to spot. Be wary. Better yet, don't leave antifreeze where a pet can get into it! Watch your neighbors as well. They may not know better. It is your responsibility to maintain the welfare of your pet.

If you suspect your dog has consumed antifreeze of any kind, bring your dog to the vet immediately. Ethylene glycol has lethal effects on a dog, usually causing irreversible kidney damage and failure. Once a dog has consumed this chemical, there is perhaps two hours at most in which a vet can remedy the situation. Even two hours may be too late.

The best way to avoid this tragedy is to simply store all antifreeze (and all other chemicals) in a way that pets and children cannot get into them. Do not, under any circumstance drain a car radiator onto the ground, as your (or someone else's) dog will eagerly lick up the puddles.

If you even think your pet has consumed antifreeze, get him to a vet immediately.

It should be noted that there are "pet safe" antifreezes on the market now. Be careful as there have been unsubstantiated (by me) reports of some "pet safe" antifreezes that still contain ethylene glycol. If you decide to buy "pet safe" antifreeze, ensure your pets safety and read the label. Make sure there is no ethylene glycol inside. Usually companies that don't use it, display that fact in bold letters. It should be easy to spot now that you know what to look for.

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12. Grooming

• 12.1 How often should I brush my Newf?

Every day. If you miss a day it's not the end of the world, but your Newf should be brushed every day. My dogs start to develop matts after only a couple days if I don't brush them.

Brushing your Newf should be a bonding time between you. Teach that puppy not to bite the brush, and he will soon look forward to being brushed every day. Not only does it feel great, but removing dead fur and undercoat helps keep them cool in the summer. Of course it also helps keeping them looking great.

If I brush one dog, the other one gets jealous and does everything she can to get me to brush her instead. They love it that much.

Brushing your dog daily will get you firmly acquainted with your dogs body. In the event of an emergency, knowing what your dog's body normally feels like can save his life.

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• 12.2 I'm afraid to clip my Newf's claws. What do I do?

Get over it. Let me tell a story.

When we first got our Cozy, I sat down to clip her claws. Our headstrong two month old puppy didn't want her claws clipped, especially by some rookie like me. As I clipped each claw she pulled her paw away. Not wanting to hurt her, I would gently get her paw back and clip the next nail. After a few toes, she had decided enough was enough, and let out a little yelp. Convinced I had tortured her to the point of anguish, I cuddled her and let her relax.

After a few minutes I picked up her foot again, certain to find it covered in blood. There was none. In fact, I had not even clipped far enough to make the quick bleed. While there is certainly the possibility that I twisted or somehow hurt her, We're pretty sure she cried in an effort to get me to stop clipping. She's a very clever girl.

Don't get the idea that I'm saying clip even if your dog cries. Heavens no! My point is don't be afraid of clipping. Get your dog used to having his foot handled. If you clip often, then you only have to clip a little bit each time. If you clip too much, the claw may bleed a little bit. This means you have nicked the "quick", the vein inside the claw. A stiptic pencil will usually stop this quickly.

Sure you can have a groomer clip your dog's claws, but why not save the money by doing it yourself. Newfs are people dogs. They want nothing more than to be with you. Grooming time is quality time for you and your Newf.

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• 12.3 What's a rake/slicker/comb?

• Slicker Brush

This is what most people refer to as a dog brush. It is very similar to a human hairbrush, though the bristles are usually metal and much finer. Running this tool through your Newfie's fur will slick it back and put it where you want it. A slicker brush will remove small things from your dog's fur, and remove dead fur from the guard coat and a little bit of the undercoat.



• Rake

A rake looks like, well, a rake. It is a single series of large metal tines, much like a fork, with a handle that allows you to rake your Newfs fur. A rake is essential for removing your Newf's dead undercoat. By keeping dead undercoat from building up, your Newf will not only look better, but he will be cooler in the summer. Rakes can be useful in getting out small matts, though when matts get to be to big, they usually need to be cut out.



• Comb

A comb is just that. A comb. For a Newf you need a medium toothed comb, or maybe a large toothed comb. It certainly couldn't hurt to have both. Combs are used for combing, and are great for fixing tangles before they become matts.



• Nail Clippers

I'm pretty sure you can figure out what nail clippers are. Get a big pair, as Newfies have big claws. Getting a good pair is also a good idea, because the better they work and the sharper they are, the easier it will be to clip your dogs claws.



• Thinning Sheers

Thinning sheers are scissors that have a normal blade on one side and a blade that looks like a comb on the other. These will quickly become your favorite tool. Thinning sheers are used to thin out the fur on your Newf's ears, feet, hocks, and anywhere else. Thinning sheers are great because they do not create hard lines when they cut. They are much more forgiving of mistakes in the hands of a novice.

When you buy your thinning sheers, get the best pair you can afford. While $90 seems a little steep for scissors, ask your barber or hair stylist how much their's cost. You'll be surprised. Good scissors, if properly cared for, can last for years. Remember, they will be in your hands for maybe an hour or more each time you trim your Newf. Imagine having more than one Newf! If you buy cheaper thinning sheers, you will no doubt be back to buy the good ones.



• Blunt Tipped Scissors

Sometimes you just need normal scissors. Shaping the ear on a Newfoundland requires normal scissors, as does trimming the fur between his toes. Don't use kitchen scissors or any sharp scissors please. Especially for puppies that don't like to sit still, sharp scissors can hurt or maim if they accidentally poke.

These scissors should be of good quality, though quality is not near as important here as it is for a good pair of thinning sheers. Just remember to get blunt tipped scissors, not pointed ones.


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• 12.4 How do I trim my Newf's feet/ears/hocks

In my opinion this needs to be shown to you. You can read all the books in the world, but when someone shows you how to do it, it just clicks. Call your breeder and have them give you a grooming lesson. If that is not possible, contact your local Newf club. There are always people willing to help.

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• 12.5 How often should I bathe my Newf?

Your Newf's fur and skin contain oils that help keep both soft and healthy. If you bathe your Newf too often, you will rob the skin of these essential oils and possibly cause problems of the skin and/or fur.

Usually twice a year is all that is needed to have a clean, healthy happy Newf. Of course sometimes they roll in something too disgusting to endure. When a bath is needed don't be afraid to do it. Just don't feel that you have to bathe your Newf every week or every month. Nature takes care of itself.

Hosing your Newf down in the summertime is a different matter. Soaking your Newf down in the heat is fun and helps keep them cool. This is different from bathing in that there is no soap applied.

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• 12.6 How should I bathe my Newf?

Get some puppy or dog shampoo (Your breeder is great for advice here!), get a hose and have at it! In the winter you can certainly use the tub, but beware; A pup fresh out of the tub is a wild, crazy, fun loving beast with LOTS of energy.

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• 12.7 What's a grooming table? Do I really need one?

A grooming table is a table on which you place your dog to be groomed. Do you need one? Sitting on the floor or bending over your Newf for hours at a time can quickly become tiresome if not down right painful. Having your Newf up on a table allows you to stand upright as you groom him, thus alleviating stress from your back etc. Of course getting your Newf up on the grooming table is another matter entirely!

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13. Environment

• 13.1 What kind of floors are good/bad for my Newfies?

Non-carpeted floors can pose a problem for large dogs as they slip easily on them, possibly resulting in injury. Carpets offer better traction, but are harder to keep clean. Non-carpeted floors generally stay cooler, but can be quite treacherous when wet. Some dogs can be allergic to carpets or carpet cleaning chemicals.

If you like spotless carpets you're in for disappointment. If you like spotless hardwood floors you're in for a disappointment. Nothing remains spotless with Newfoundlands around. You must balance esthetics with convenience. Such is life.

There is no best answer. In my house we have tile and carpet, and both have there advantages/disadvantages. The dogs generally retire to the tile to cool off, but like the carpet because of the traction it offers. As a general rule they go wherever we are, regardless of floor type.

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• 13.2 What kind of fence should I get, and how high should it be?

Ah the fence question. Every so often this topic causes lengthy discussion on Newf-L.

Whatever fence you get, ensure that it will keep your dogs in. Post/Rail fences are beautiful and rustic, but a Newf can get through those gaps in no time. If you want this type of fence, put up fencing fabric as well. Fencing fabric is not fabric at all. It is a fine wire mesh that is all but invisible from a distance. This wire mesh keeps dogs from getting through the open areas in a fence.

Any fence needs to be sturdy, as there will no doubt be Newfies jumping up on it. If the fence collapses under their weight, it is useless.

A fence for containing Newfoundlands should be no lower than four feet, though experienced Newf owners will recommend six feet. Seems previously sedentary male Newfies have been known to jump a four foot fence with ease when the alluring aroma of a bitch in heat wafts their way.

You dog can be taught to respect the fence and never violate it's boundary. This training takes time, so if you don't see yourself committing to it, consider a higher, more secure fence.

A fence does not only keep your dogs in, it also keeps other dogs/people/undesireables out. This is an important thing to think about. Maybe you have a neighbor with a dog that likes to bully yours. Make sure the fence will keep him out. Maybe consider a fence that doesn't allow your neighbors to even see your dogs.

Another important issue with fences is gates. A gate is an obvious means by which your Newf may escape the confines of your fence. Make sure the gate can be secured in a way that cannot be accidentally opened. Some gates swing shut on their own latching automatically. This may be handy if you see yourself going through the gate with your hands full. It also ensures that forgetful people won't leave the gate open.

Gates should swing into the enclosed area, not out from it. When a dog is waiting inside the gate and you push the gate in, the dog must back up or move to get out of the way. If the gate swings out, the dog will follow the gate making it harder to keep him inside the fence.

The best way to make sure your dogs are safe and sound is to never let them out of your sight. If your dog jumps the fence while your inside watching TV, he may have a large head start and you may never find him again. If you see him jump the fence, you have a chance at commanding him to stop, and an idea where he went if he disobeys.

A fence is a tool, not a nanny. Your dogs are your responsibility. Keep an eye on them.

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• 13.3 Do invisible fences really work?

Yes they do, but there are some serious caveats.

Invisible fences work by giving your dog a small electric shock through a special collar he must wear. You must be comfortable with your dog being trained by electric shock.

Invisible fences only keep your dog in the fence. They do not keep your neighbors Newf-eating phsyco dog out. This is a very important point, as your dog may be afraid to leave your yard for fear of shock.

Some dogs learn that if they run across the "fence" quickly, the shock is of a shorter duration, thus rendering the fence useless. Some dogs get caught up in the rapture of chasing a rabbit, only to find themselves outside the fence. Many dogs that end up outside their invisible fences are afraid to come home again for fear of being shocked.

Invisible fences do not keep kids/dogs/theives/undesireables OUT of your yard.

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• 13.4 How can I keep my Newfs out of a given room?

First, get them to obedience class. When they respect you, they will listen to you better. A dog can be trained to do amazing things. They can easily learn not to go into certain rooms.

Of course the easiest way is to get a baby gate and put it up in the doorway to that room. A physical barrier is often the best, easiest way to go. If the room in question has a door, close it. I know that sounds insultingly simple, but you'd be surprised how many people complain about their dogs going into the office when they could prevent it by closing the office door.

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• 13.5 How can I keep my Newfs out of the garbage?

Train them not to go near the garbage. Start at an early age and reinforce that the garbage is not a place for dogs. In addition to training, get a trash can with a lid. Best of all, don't put the trash where your dog can get to it!

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• 13.6 What paint can I use that's easy to clean drool off of?

Drool is a wonderful substance. It sticks to everything - even teflon. ;-)

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• 13.7 What kind of bed should I get my Newf?

A Newfie-sized one. If you get your little puppy a puppy sized bed, you will be buying a new one in two months. Get a big bed for your Newf.

A bed that has a removable cover is a smart way to go because that cover can be washed. Cedar fillings keep the bed smelling nice even after the inevitable mishap.

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• 13.8 Is it OK to let my Newf sleep on the bed with me?

It's tough to resist those big brown eyes pleading with you in the middle of the night isn't it? Aside from having to vacuum your bed because of all the fur they'll leave behind, consider this:

In dog society, whoever sleeps on the highest ground is the leader or "alpha". You need to be the alpha. If your Newf sleeps on the same level as you, then he considers you an equal. If your dog considers you an equal, he will challenge you for the alpha position. You don't want a dominant 150 pound Newfoundland on your hands.

Best let your Newfie sleep on the floor. Many people have trained their dogs to only come on the bed when invited. This is good because the dog knows you are in charge and he can only come up on your level when you want him to.

Of course when your home sick in bed a big warm snuggly Newf sure feels good curled up next to you...

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14. Equipment

• 14.1 Where can I get stuff for my Newfoundlands?

Try Cherrybrook. They can be visited on the web at: http://www.cherrybrook.com.

How about Ted's Temptations for strictly Newf-related gifts.

Want a huge list of dog supply catalogs of all types? Ruth Landmann has put together a great list. (Thanks Ruth!) Check out DogStuff.txt.

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• 14.2 What's an X-pen?

An X-Pen is a portable pen that can be set up quickly. This pen allows your dog to be outside, in a strange area (dog shows etc.) without having to be leashed.

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15. Miscellaneous

• 15.1 What is Lord Byron's Poem?

This poem is inscribed on a statue of Boatswain, a Newfoundland dog owned by Lord Byron. Lord Byron was the author.

When some proud son of man returns to earth
Unknown to glory, but upheld by birth,
The sculptur'd art exhausts the art of woe,
And stoned urns record who rest below;
When all is done, upon the tomb is seen,
Not what he was, but what he should have been;
But the poor Dog, in life the firmest friend,
The first to welcome, foremost to defend;
Whose honest heart is still his master's own,
Who labours, fights, lives, breathes, for him alone
Unhonour'd falls, unnoticed all his worth,
Denied in Heaven the soul he held on earth;
While man, vain insect! hopes to be forgiven,
And claims himself sole exclusive of Heaven!
Oh, man! thou feeble tenant of an hour,
Debas'd by slavery, or corrupt by power,
Who knows thee well, must quit thee with disgust,
Degraded mass of animated dust!
By nature vile, ennobled but by name,
Each kindred brute might bid thee blush for shame.
Ye! who, perchance, behold this single Urn
Pass on--it none you wish to mourn:
To mark a Friend's remains these stones arise,
I never knew but one, and here he lies.


Newstead Abbey, November 30,1808


On one side of the pedestal supporting the urn containing Boatswain's remains, he had inscribed:

Near this spot
are deposited the remains of one
who possessed beauty without vanity
strength without insolence
courage without ferocity
and all the virtues of man without his vices
This praise which would be
unmeaning flattery
if inscribed over human ashes is but a just tribute to the memory of
Boatswain, a dog
who was born at Newfoundland, may 1803,
and died at Newstead Abbey,
November 18, 1808.


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• 15.2 What is the Rainbow Bridge?

"The Rainbow Bridge" author unknown.

There is a bridge connecting heaven and earth. It is called the Rainbow Bridge because of it's many colors.

Just this side of the Rainbow Bridge there is a land of meadows, hills and valleys with lush green grass. When a beloved pet dies, the pet goes to this place. There is always food and water and warm spring weather. The old and frail animals are young again. Those who are maimed are made whole again. They play all day with each other. There is only one thing missing. They are not with the special person who loved them on earth. So, each day they run and play until the day comes when one suddenly stops playing and looks up. The nose twitches! The ears are up. The eyes are staring. And this one suddenly runs from the group. You have been seen, and when you and your special friend meet, you take him or her into your arms and embrace. Your face is kissed again and again and again, and you look once more into the eyes of your trusting pet. Then you cross the Rainbow Bridge together, never again to be separated.

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• 15.3 I see CGC, WD, VN, OTCH, TD, TDI etc. a lot. What do they mean?

Here's a partial list:


BOB	best of breed
BOS	best of opposite sex
BIS	best in show
BISS	best in specialty show
Ch	confirmation champion
OTCH	obedience champion
CD	AKC companion dog (obedience) title?
CDX	companion dog excellent
UD	utility dog
UDX	utility dog excellent
WD	NCA water dog title OR winners dog (confirmation)-WB is winners bitch
CGC	AKC Canine Good Citizen certificate
OFEL	OFA cleared elbows
OFCA	OFA cleared cardiac
CERF	canine eye registration foundation- means eyes have been checked and cleared
BOW	best of winners- (winners dog and winner bitch compete for best of winners)
RWD	reserve winners dog and RWB- reserve winners bitch - if winners dog or bitch disqualified, they move up
WRD	NCA water rescue dog title
DD	NCA draft dog
TDD	NCA team draft dog
DDX	Canadian draft dog excellent
TD	AKC tracking dog
TDX	AKC tracking dog excellent
VN	versitile Newf- has a championship (Ch) companion dog (CD) water rescue dog (WRD) and draft dog (DD) titles
TDI	Therapy Dog International
NA	novice agility
OA	open agility
AX	agility excellent
MX	master agility



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• 15.4 What kind of vacuum do Newf owners use and recommend?

The one that seems to pop up over and over on Newf-L is the Fantom Thunder. Fantom's website is at http://www.fantom.com. The reasons? Here's a few:


• It's a strong vacuum.
• The handle doubles as a vacuum extension wand. Very cool.
• No bags! Empty the bucket (often) instead.
• Two headlights. (oh boy).
• It is made very well.
• Ask anyone who owns one. They love them.
• It's fun to watch.
• It sucks off the Newfie hair like you would not believe

Be warned, the Thunder is heavy. The Fantom Lightning may be a better choice if you don't like a heavy upright. It is also $250, and that's the cheapest I could find it. Places that sell the Fantom include, as of this writing, K-Mart and Price-Costco

Also be advised that Hoover makes a vacuum called the whirlwind that is pretty much the same thing and the Fantom Thunder. I have heard good things about this vacuum, and it is reportedly lighter than the Fantom Thunder. Hover's web site is at http://www.hoovercompany.com/

And yes, I own a Fantom Thunder. My wife made me buy one. ;-)

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• 15.5 Wasn't the original Nana in Peter Pan a Newfoundland?

Yes indeed. Kudos for reading the story instead of watching it on TV!

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• 15.6 What are dewclaws and why are they there?

This is a matter of some debate from time to time.

Dewclaws are the 5th claw that some dogs have on their feet. They are typically higher up on the leg, and resemble a toe that doesn't belong there.

The American Heritage Dictionary of Science says:



	dewclaw, n. Zoology. 1 a
	small, useless inner claw or toe in
	some dogs or other animals, not reaching
	the ground in walking.
	

Someone on the list brought up a good point. Watch a dog chew on a bone (or whatever). They typically lay with the bone on their front paws, manipulating the bone as they chew. Look carefully at where the bone rests. It often sits right where the dewclaw sits. The dog knows full well he has these claws, and he knows how to use them.

Anyway, Some dogs have dewclaws and some don't. Some people have these dewclaws removed, and in fact, the AKC standard allows this in Newfoundlands. If in fact they use them, I think they should not be removed. Of course, that's my opinion.

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